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  • 期刊

金代宮中承應人的選任制度

The Recruitment of the Palace Attendants in the Chin Dynasty

摘要


宮中承應人,既是金朝高階官員的主要來源,也是當時政壇的活躍者。目前的學界研究,基本上已能確定宮中承應人的政治作用,但是對其人員管理機制,分析仍較有限。本文將由編制與階序出發分析宮中承應人的選任制度及其運作,同時也將觀察宮中承應職體系的分工與分層。又因部分高階宮中承應人也能選自其他的宮中承應人,本文也將討論宮中承應職內部的遷轉機制。文中將說明三點:一、金朝宮中承應職已經建有初步的等級階序;二、宮中承應人的主要選取標準有前任職務、才幹、家世等三項;三、金朝將利用職務等級階序簡單安排承應人的選遷秩序,不過其秩序的規律與穩定度仍不及外朝職務。透過選任制度的分析,既可得知造就宮中承應人身份特徵的制度來源,也能得知金朝對宮中承應任人的選任制度有許多不同於漢人王朝對待同類性質的職務與人員的規劃。

關鍵字

金代 宮中承應人 選任 遷轉 職務階序

並列摘要


This article mainly discusses the recruitment of the Palace Attendants (宮中承應人) in the Chin Dynasty. The Palace Attendants, who serviced the royals in the palace, were the low ranking government staffs and also the important source of the high ranking officials in the Chin dynasty, and had the complex organization structure but the simple ranking sequence. During the reign of Shihtsung (世宗) and Chang-tsung, the recruitment regulations for the high level Palace Attendants were legislated. There were three main standards for the candidates' election in these regulations: the political qualification, the personal ability, and the family background. According to the biographies of the Chin officials who had been appointed as the Palace Attendant, the political identity of the candidates for the Palace Attendants had four categories: the man without political experience, the Palace Attendant, the central government clerk, and the official.

參考文獻


陳昭揚,〈金代監察御史的選任制度及其運作—以官員組成為中 心的考察〉,《東吳歷史學報》,28(臺北,2012.12),頁1- 44。
陶晉生,〈金代的用人政策〉,《食貨月刊復刊》,8:11(臺北, 1979.2),頁47-57。
陶晉生,〈金代的政治結構〉,《中央研究院歷史語言研究所集 刊》,41:4(臺北,1969.12),頁567-593。
趙永春、李玉君,〈金朝「郎君」新探〉,《史學彙刊》,27(臺 北,2011.6),頁77-93。
李鳴飛,〈金代前期散官制度—以《三朝北盟會編》中的《攬轡 錄》為線索〉,《漢學研究》,29:4(臺北,2011.12),頁 133-166。

延伸閱讀


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