弱情感與「新冷戰」：美中臺地緣政治衝突下的網路迷因與中介情感

Weak Affect and the "New Cold War": Internet Memes and Mediating Affect under Geopolitical Conflicts between the United States, China, and Taiwan

劉文(Wen Liu)

《中外文學》 53卷2期 (2024/06) Pp. 55-98

https://doi.org/10.6637/CWLQ.202406_53(2).0004

摘要

全球新型冠狀病毒疫情以及烏俄戰爭，使得近年來將中國與美國之間的「新冷戰」論述升級，在人文研究主導的領域中，「新冷戰情感結構」也慣性被使用為分析臺灣地緣政治與主體經驗的視角，將「反中親美」的框架視為既定的情感事實。依循酷兒理論家賽菊蔻所提出批判理論「偏執閱讀」傾向的提醒，以及心理學家湯普金斯對於情感多方向可能的觀點，筆者主張新冷戰情感結構作為一項偏執情感的分析架構，不僅容易將尚待商榷的「新冷戰」收納為既定系統的事實來分析，更難以突顯臺灣內部情感的多元空間與異質性。本文分析網路迷因如何在「反抗中國」（反中）與「反對仇恨中國」（反反中）的情感之間，生產「弱情感」的文化表現，將愛恨兩者極端的情感轉化為一種嘲諷式幽默。有別於新冷戰情感結構，本文主張利用弱情感的分析，更能理解在中美對峙之下，人們如何將高度緊張的政治事。經由迷因的高速情感傳播力以及創意的再造，提供一種低度的政治回應與共感可能。

關鍵字

新冷戰 ； 情感結構 ； 地緣政治 ； 情動理論 ； 反中情結 ； 迷因

並列摘要

The COVID-19 pandemic and Russia-Ukraine war have escalated "new Cold War" narratives about US-China competitive relations. However, whether we have entered into a new Cold War era is still undergoing scholarly debate. Within cultural studies in Taiwan, a "structure of feeling" of the new Cold War has become a dominant paradigm for analyzing Taiwan's affective geopolitics as either firmly "anti-China" or "pro-US." Drawing from queer theorist Eve Sedgwick's analysis of "paranoid reading" and psychologist Silvan Tomkins' articulation of affect, I examine a middle range of emotions with lower intensity-"weak affect"-beyond "love" and "hate" that circulate in the popular media genre of political memes. I argue that the ambivalent feelings mixed with mistrust, ambivalence, and humor in these political memes serve as a form of low intensity political responses that alleviate the daily anxiety of the Taiwanese public.

並列關鍵字

New Cold War ； structure of feelings ； geopolitics ； affect theory ； anti-China sentiments ； memes

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