Hyperosmotic Dehydration in Rats with Either Diabetes Mellitus or Diabetes Insipidus or Both

患尿崩症，糖尿症，或併有二症大白鼠缺水之研究

楊志剛(T. K. Young) ； 張立人(L. R. Chang) ； 李賢鎧(H. K. Li)

《The Chinese Journal of Physiology》 20卷4期 (1970/12) Pp. 263-269

摘要

用五十五隻大白鼠研究尿崩症，糖尿症及併有二症時之缺水狀況，發現㈠尿崩症鼠之血漿滲透壓增加係由於血漿中鈉離子濃度增加所致，其血糖濃度正常，㈡糖尿症鼠血漿渗透壓之顯著增加係由於血糖濃度劇增所致，其血漿中鈉離子濃度較正常鼠為低，㈢由於尿崩症鼠之膈肌含水量減低，推論此鼠細胞內液及細胞外液量均減少，㈣由於糖尿症鼠之膈肌含水量增加，推論此鼠細胞內液量減少而細胞外液量增加，㈤併有二症之大白鼠，血漿渗透壓及血糖濃度均顯著增加，但血漿鈉離子及膈肌含水量均正常。以上諸現象部份可由加壓素和催產素在糖尿症時分泌增加在尿崩症時分泌缺如以及二者皆减少水分以增加鈉離子在尿中排泄量的作用解釋之。

並列摘要

Dehydration was studied in diabetes insipidus (DI), diabetes mellitus (DM), and double diabetes (DI plus DM) in 55 adult female rats. Hyperosmolarity of plasma was found in all diabetic rats studied. Plasma sodium concentration was significantly increased in DI rats but significantly decreased in DM rats while high blood glucose concentration was found in DM and DI plus DM rats. Since the water content of the diaphragm muscle was decreased in DI rats and increased in DM rats, it was postulated that intracellular and extracellular dehydration existed in DI rats and intracellular dehydration and extracellular overhydration would be the case in DM rats. Part of these phenomena could be interpreted by the increase or absence of vasopressin and oxytocin release and by their antidiuretic and natriuretic actions.