柑桔嫁接應用植物荷爾蒙試驗（第二報）植物荷爾蒙對於柑桔接枝切面癒合能力之研究

Experiment on Citrus Grafting Using Plant Hormones Ⅱ. The Effect of Plant Hormones on Callusing of Citrus Grafting

翁仁祿(J. L. Weng)

《中華農業研究》 14卷1期 (1965/03) Pp. 29-38

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.196503.0004

摘要

本試驗從民國52年7月起至民國53年6月止計一年，其目的在應用植物生長荷爾蒙刺戟柑桔接枝切面細胞促進其分裂，增強癒合能力，以探求柑桔嫁接之週年成活問題，本試驗採用β-Indole-acetic acid ，β-Indolebutyric acidd α-Naphthaleneacetic acid各分爲50, 100, 200ppm濃度，於8、10、12、2、4及6月之六次施行嫁接，嫁接後一個月打開包紮物檢查成活率初期生長高度及切面癒合情形等，與對照不應用植物荷爾蒙者比較。
1．週年之成活率而觀：8月（春芽）12月（第一次夏芽）2月（第二次夏芽）及4月（秋、冬芽）等時期，以接穗成熟者接木時，因對照者之成活率亦高，植物荷爾蒙處理區與對照區間無法求出顯著之差異。
2．就10月（第一夏芽）及6月（春芽）等接穗未成熟時期之接木而言，植物荷爾蒙對組識嫩柔接穗在枯乾或萎凋以前，可促進接枝切面創傷細胞分裂，致接穗、砧木切面迅速癒合，確有增高成活率之功效。其功效依季節及植物荷爾蒙之種類而不同，10月間之溫冷季節以NA50,100ppm濃度者爲優，IB50, 200ppm 濃度者次之，IA之功效最差，與對照區間並無差異。6月間之高熱季節以IB100, 200ppm濃度者爲佳，IA、NA兩種均感有遜色。
3．未成活者將接木部檢查結果，植物荷爾蒙處理者均已完成癒合組織與對照之接穗切面部份腐爛者有明顯之差異，得知植物荷爾蒙對接枝切面癒合能力確有功效，若外界因子（溫度、雨量）等因子可控制，對柑桔嫁接成活仍有貢獻。
4．初期幼芽之前出及伸長而看，在嫁接後一個月之短時間內各處理間及應用植物荷爾蒙處理與對照區間並無顯著之差異。

並列摘要

This experiment was carried out in the Department of Horticulture of Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute from July 1963 to June 1964. The purpose of this experiment was to promote the ability of callus on the part of grafting and to increase the percentage of take after citrus grafting by using plant hormone all the year round. The kinds of plant hormones used were: β-Indoleacetic acid (IA), β-Indolebutyric acid (IB) andα -Naphthaleneacetic acid (NA), and all of them had the same concentration of 50, 100 and 200 ppm. The grafting was held every two months from June 1963 to June 1964.
The results may be summarizen as follows:
1. As a whole, the buds of Augest (spring bud), December (first summer bud), February (second summer bud) and April (autumn and winter bud) grew very strong, the percentage of take of the check was also high, so there was little difference among the treatments and the cheak.
2. The buds of October (first summer bud) and June (spring bud) grew weak, but plant hormones stimulated the woundcell of the part of grafting and promoted the percentage of take. The effect of pland hormones varied with different kinds of pland hormones and different seasons. At a cool season, such as in October, the NA of 50 and 100 ppm were better. At a hot season as June, the TB of 100 and 200 ppm were better.
3. The plants which failed in plant hormone treating completed the callus at the grafting part, but the plants of the check rotted at the grafting part. So it make a big difference between the treatments and the check. If the humidity and the rainfall would be controlled, the plant hormone would offer more to promote the percentage of take.
4. At the very beginning of budding and extending, there was no evident difference between the treatments and the check.