甘藷逢機交配集團數量性狀遺傳之研究

Studies on the Inheritance of Quantitative Characters in a Randomly Intermating Population of Sweet Potatoes (Ipomoea Batatas (L.) Lam.)

李良(Liang Li)

《中華農業研究》 24卷3&4期 (1975/12) Pp. 32-42

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.197512.0005

摘要

利用甘藷逢機交配集團第4世代與第6世代各60個親本及其後裔之試驗資料，探討甘藷逢機交配集團數量性狀之遺傳情形，供甘藷品種改良參考應用。
在所研究之塊根重、莖葉重、每個塊根均重及塊根個數等四種性狀之表型變方中，其遺傳變方成分(6(上標 2 下標 m))均佔有很大之比例，其數值在78%~82%之間，而親本與地點交感作用變方成分(6(上標 2 下標 me/1))及機差變方成分(6(上標 2 下標 e)/r1)所佔之比例均較小。
在遺傳變方成分(6(上標 2 下標 m))中，塊根重、每個塊根均重及塊根個數之累加性變方(6(上標 2 下標 A))比非累加性變方爲較重要，而莖葉重之遣傳變方成分中以非累加性變方爲大，四種性狀中，累加性間交感變方(6(上標 2 下標 AA))均無存在。
塊根重、每個塊根均重及塊根個數之遺傳率分別爲44.5%、50%、及43.5%，其數值爲較大，而莖葉重之遺傳率爲較小，其數值爲10.04%。在選擇強度爲10%時，所求得預測及實測之遺傳增進率均較爲接近。
塊很重之表型變方中，其遺傳變方成分(6(上標 2 下標 m))約佔82%（表5），而在遣傳變方中，其累加性變方(6(上標 2 下標 A))爲0.021，佔0.0211/0.0390=0.54，爲54%；非累加性爲0.0179，佔0.0179/0.0390=0.46，爲46%（表8），由此可知，應用混合選種，可期獲得良好效果。

並列摘要

Sixty-plants selected at random from each of the fourth and sixth generations of a randomly intermating sweet potato populations and their respective open-pollinated progeny provided the materials for use in quantitative genetic study.
In all four characters, the genetic components (6(superscript 2 subscript m)) accounted for a large portion of the phenotypic variance. The values of genetic component was 78 to 82%. The interaction variance component of parents by locations and error variance component were relatively small.
The additive component of genetic variance was relatively more important than the non-additive for root wt., average wt. per root and number of roots. For the stem and leaves wt., the main component of genetic variance is of the non-additive type. The estimates of 6(superscript 2 subscript AA) were zero for all 4 characters.
Root wt., average wt. per root and number of roots showed comparatively high hentabilities, 44.5%, 50% and 43.5%, respectively. Stem and leaves wt. showed the lowest heritability, 10.04%. With a selection intensity of 10%, the predicted and observed genetic advance as percent of the mean were fit well.
In the root weight, about 82% of the phenotypic variance is accounted for by the genotypic variance component (Table 5) and about 54% of geneotypic variance was due to the additive component (Table 8).Thus this study indicates that mass selection procedures can be used to advantage in sweet potato breeding.