水稻培養花葯褐變與癒傷組織形成之關係

The Relationship between Anther Browning and Callus Formation in Rice Anther Culture

賴本智(Pen-Chih Lai) ； 蔡新聲(Hsin-Sheng Tsay) ； 紀迺淳(Nai-Chwen Chi)

《中華農業研究》 29卷2期 (1980/06) Pp. 137-146

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.198006.0008

摘要

臺農67號水稻花葯以六種不同消毒方法處理後培養，結果發現消毒液濃度愈高，消毒時間愈長，會促使花葯愈早褐變，因而造成癒傷組識形成能力的降低；秈稉稻雜交F1之花藥，培養後褐變的早晚，各雜交組合間亦呈褐變早老癒傷組織形成能力低，褐變晚者癒傷組織形成能力高的趨勢。培養花葯主第4~6週褐變者癒傷組織形成率最高。培養花葯憲傷組織的產生，約在培養後第21至72天之間，早於21天或晚於72天，形成癒傷組織機會極少，絕大多數癒傷組織在培養後36~51天間形成。花葯早期褐變所導致癒傷組織形成能力之低下。可能係酚類物質氧化所生之quinone產生毒害，不利於小胞子發育形成癒傷組織所致。

並列摘要

Anthers of Oryza sativa cv. Tainung No. 67 containing microspores at uninucleate stage were sterilized with six different methods and were cultured at 27℃ for 90 days to investigate the relationship between the formation of callus and browning of anthers. It was found that anther browning caused by sterilization reagents severely affected the ability of callus formation. In general, higher concentration or longer duration of sterilization accelerated the browning of cultured anthers and reduced the ability of callus induction.
The culture of F1 hybrid anthers from six cross combinations of japonica x indica rices also showed the association between earlier anther browning and lower callus formation ability. The anthers turned brown in the later period, e. g., four to six weeks after culture, were shown to possess a greater potential for callus formation than those browned earlier.
The callus formation started at 21 days and ended at 72 days after culture. the highest pecentage of callus induction from anthers was observed from 36 to 51 days after culture. The low callus formation ability caused by anther browning at early stage was probably due to the production of quinones which are toxic to the microspores.