長莢種黃麻之纖維性狀與紙漿品質之研究

Studies on Fiber Characters and Pulp Qualities of Jute Corchorus olitorius L.

胡敏夫(M. F. Hu) ； 韓青梅(C. M. Han)

《中華農業研究》 30卷4期 (1981/12) Pp. 350-356

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.198112.0002

摘要

經二年田間觀察與調查，獲悉所參試品種中，JRO-632與61-1-I-2098兩品種具有頗高生產潛力，精洗率前老達12.85%，後者達11.95%，公頃平均精洗麻產量均達3,000kg以上，比對照種增產25%左右。纖維性狀調查，發現長莢種纖維層次有較圓果種多之趨勢，單位面積纖維束數亦較圓果種多。靱皮部及木質部厚度，確比圓果種細小，纖維拉力負荷值比圓果種大，耐屈力則反是。單纖長幅比，除JRO-753及JRO-632兩品種外，其餘參試品種略有近似或高於圓果種之趨勢。以全莖麻桿爲材料供造紙，紙漿收率及未漂白紙張物理性能均比本省產濶葉假赤楊優異，實有取代濶葉樹之價值。以精洗麻爲材料供造紙，雖紙漿收率及未漂白紙張物理性能亦可媲美美國南部松之紙漿品質，但較費工推行不易。

並列摘要

The present studies dealt with the jute fiber cell characters as well as the qualities of pulp made of jute fibers.
After two years studies, varieties JRO 632 and 61-1-I-2098 were found to have a higher yield potential in the seven olitorius varieties tested. Varieties JRO 632 and 61-1-I-2098 each gave 12.85% ane 11.95% of retting rate which represented about 3000 kg of retted fiber production per hectare. This account for 25% higher fiber production than that of capsularis variety.
Olitorius varieties showed more fiber layers, more fiber bundles, thinner phleom and xylem and better fiber strength but inferior flex in comparison with capsularis variety. In general, the length-width ratios of olitorius varieties were similar or better than that of capsularis variety with the exception of varieties JRO 735 and JR 632. In view of the good quality of unbleached pulp made of the whole stem (fiber plus pith) of olitorius jute, it was considered that olitorius juts could be used as the good raw materials for pulp making in place of wood.
The unbleached pulp made of retted fibers only showed equally good quality as that made of southern pine of U. S. A. However, labor cost involved in fiber retting should be solved before it can be economically used as the raw materials for pulp making.