Studies on Seed Production Techniques of Water Convolvulus (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk.) Ⅱ. Effect of Planting Dates on the Seed Production Potentiality of Different Cultivars of Water Convolvulus Grown u

蕹種子生產改進技術之研究　Ⅱ．種植時期與栽培方式對不同品種蕹菜種子生產力之影響

劉政道(Tsung-Dao Liou)

《中華農業研究》 30卷4期 (1981/12) Pp. 385-394

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.198112.0007

摘要

屏東青骨尖葉蕹菜與白骨大葉蕹菜分別於7、8、9及10月種植於水田與旱田不同之栽培生育環境中，這兩品種蕹菜除開花時間隨種植時期之延緩而縮短到達開花所需之日數外，其餘各項園藝性狀與種子生產潛力幾乎相似，7月份種植者到達開花所需之日數，白骨蕹菜約爲49天，青骨蕹菜約爲80天，而10月份種植者因爲插植時插穗已帶有花蕾，於種植後翌日即開花，栽培環境對兩品種蕹菜之開花時間幾乎沒有影響，但品種間則有差異，白骨蕹菜比青骨蕹菜較早開花。蕹菜之每欉分蘗數、落花率、結實率、葫果種子數等受種植時期與栽培環境之影響不顯著，種子百粒重受栽培環境之影響不顯著而受種植時期之影響顯著，平均分蘗節間長度受種植時期之影響不顯著而受栽培環境之影響顯著，蕹菜之每樸分蘗長度、平均分蘗節數、每欉花數、每欉萌果數、莫重、種子產量與種子／其比等均顯著的受種植時期與栽培環境影響，旱田栽培之蕹某生育與種子產量均比水田栽培者佳，旱田栽培之莫重每公頃高達6,839kg，幾乎爲水田栽培3,815kg之兩厝。種子產量亦以旱田栽培之每公頃1,221kg比水栽培之795kg爲多。各種植時期中以7月份種植之真重最多，每公頃高達6,781kg,10月份種植者最低，每公頃僅3,352kg而已。種子產量以8月份種植之每公頃1,332kg最多，7月份種植之1,284kg次之，10月份種植之553kg最少。由此試驗結果顯示，在臺灣南部地區蕹菜採種栽培無論青骨蕹菜或白骨蕹菜均以採用旱田栽培爲宜，其最適當之種植時期應爲7月下旬至8月上旬，可爲農民蕹菜採種栽培之依據與學術研究之參考。

並列摘要

Two cultivars of water convolvulus, cv. Pingtung Green Stem(pointed leaf)and cv. White Stem (broad leaf) were planted in paddy and upland fields jn early July, August, September and October of 1978. The days of flowering after planting (DFAP) of these two cultivars indicated shortened period when planted late. They showed similar horticultural characters and seed production potentialities. Cultura 1 conditions (paddy or upland) did not influence flowering time, but there was difference on flowering time of these two cultivars, White Stem flowered earlier than Pingtung Green Stem. Hundred seeds weight was significantly influenced by planting dates, but not by cultural conditions. On the contrary, aye, length of each node per tiller was significantly influenced by cultural conditions, but not by planting dates. Ave. length of tiller per hill, ave. no. of nodes per tiller, no. of flowers per hill, no. of capsules per hill, straw weight, seed yield and grain/straw ratio of water convolvulus were significantly influenced by the planting dates and cultural conditions. Water convolvulus planted in upland conditions showed that the plant vigor and seed production potentiality were better than in paddy fields. Straw weight in upland culture was 6,839 kg/ha, higher than in paddy culture of 3,185 kg/ha. Seed yield was also higher in upland culture of 1,221 kg/ha than in paddy culture of 795 kg/ha. Between different planting dates, straw weight showed highest on July planting of 6,781 kg/ha and lowest on October planting of 3,352 kg/ha. However, seed yield showed highest on August planting of 1,332 kg/ha, second on July planting of 1,284 kg/ha and lowest on October planting of 553 kg/ha. The data showed that both White Stem and Pingtung Green Stem water convolvulus are more favourable for planting on upland condition in Sou-them Taiwan. Suitable planting dates for water convolvulus seed production culture are during late July to early August. This information may be valuable to farmers who are interested in water convolvulus seed production.