水稻臺農67號對稻熱病抵抗性改良之研究

Studies on the Improvement of Blast Disease Resistance of Japonica Rice, Tainung 67

卜瑞雄(R. H. Buu) ； 黃眞生(C. S. Huang)

《中華農業研究》 32卷3期 (1983/09) Pp. 201-208

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.198309.0001

摘要

爲改良臺農67號之稻熱病抵抗性，於民國68年第二期作開始以抗稻熱病品種TKM-6, M1-48, Dawn, Tetep, Carreon, Shensho及Dular等爲父木與臺農67號雜交，後以臺農67號爲輪迴親本進行一系列之同交，以便將抗病基因導入於臺農67號。其中Dawn, Tetep及Carreon有關三組合之BC1F1乃以磨傷法點接稻熱病菌4個生理小種10-14, IE-2, IF-3及IG-2於葉片上，檢驗其對4小種之抵抗性。Dawn組合BCIF，之分離比顯示，對IG-14及IG-2之抵抗性似各由一對基因所控制，而對IE-2則有3對，IF-3有2對基因參與。在Carreon組合之BC1F1對ID-14及IG-2似各有一對，對IE-2及IF-3似各有3對基因參與。Tetep組合的BC1F2則似乎比前兩組合有較多的抗病基因參與，對ID-14及IG-2之抗病性各有2對，對IE-2及IF-3各有4對基因參與。又Tetep組合之BC2F2在病圃有較多的抗病系統出現，顯示Tetep乃具有多數抗病基因之優良抗病種源。經人工接種選拔及病圃篩選選得之植株繼續回交至第3、4次，由其後代系統中，已選得多數抗病且株型優良之系統，其中部分已成立爲品系參加產量比較試驗；同時亦進行BC4F1間之複交，再以花藥培養法做配偶子型之選拔，預期將可選育抗病性較廣且又高產之稉稻新品種。

並列摘要

Rice variety Tainung 67 which occupied 454,620 hectares of rice area in 1982 in Taiwan is known to have a lower degree of resistance to blast disease (Pyricularia oryzae Cav. ). In order to correct this defect, Tainung 67 was crossed to varieties, Tetep, Carreon, Dawn, M1-48, TKM-6, Shensho and Dular as the resistance source. The F1's were then backcrossed to Tainung 67 three or four times.
The BC1F1's of three crosses, TNG 67^2/Dawn, TNG 61^2/Carreon and TNG 67^2/Tetep were inoculated with 4 races of the blast fungus that attacked Tainung 67, namely, ID-14, IE-2, IF-3 and IG-2 in the 2nd crop season, 1980. Based on the segregation patterns of bast disease resistance in the BC1F1's, it is concluded that the resistance of Dawn to races ID-14 and IG-2 seems to be controlled by a single dominant gene, to race IE-2 by 3 pairs and to race IF-3 by 2 pairs of gene, while the resistance of Carreon to races ID-14 and IG-2 seems to be controlled by a single dominant gene and to IE-2 and IF-3 by 3 pairs of gene. However, Tetep's resistance to races ID-14 and IG-2 seems to be controlled by 2 pairs of gene and to races IE-2 and IF-3 by 4 pairs of gene.
The main purpose of this experiment was to introduce resisatnce genes of Tetep, Carreon, etc. into Tainung 67. To understand the mode inheritance of resistance in the early segregating generations of these crosses will facilitate our further efforts. The resistant BC1F1 plants selected from the above-mentioned test were again backcrossed to Tainung 67 three or four times and the BC2F1's and BC4F1's were grown in a blast disease nursery for continuous selection.