氮肥、行株距與每欉苗數對水稻新品種（系）產量及農藝性狀之影響

Effects of Nitrogen Levels, Planting Spacings and Seedlings Per Hill on the Grain Yield of Rice Varieties

曾東海(T. H. Tseng)

《中華農業研究》 34卷4期 (1985/12) Pp. 410-421

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.198512.0004

摘要

民國73年第一期作，以雙重裂區設計，舉辦氮肥量(221, 174kg/ha)、行株距(28×20, 25×20, 28×16, 25×16cm)及每欉苗數（單本植、3本植、5本值）對臺農秈糯2號、臺農秈育19號、臺中秈3號及臺中在來1號等水稻品種（系）之影響試驗，其結果摘要如下：
稻穀產量因品種、行株距、每欉苗數之下同而有顯著的差異，且受氮肥量與行株距、氮肥量與品種、品種與每欉苗數等之交感效應影響。穗數受氮肥量、品種（系）及每欉苗數之影響顯著或極顯著；穗長、穗重及一穗穎花數則受品種及苗數影響極顯著；千粒重與稔實率則受品種影響極顯著，而受栽培試因影響不大。
影響產量之主要構成因素爲千粒重與稔實率，呈極顯著的正相關；穗數與穗長、穗重、一穗穎花數及千粒重呈極顯著之負相關，穗數與稔實率呈顯著之負相關；一穗穎花數與穗長，穗重及千粒重呈極顯著之正相關；稔實率與穗長呈負相關，與穗重呈正相關。
臺農秈糯2號與臺農秈19號之產量平均分別爲6,487及6,559kg/ha，均顯著高於臺中秈3號及臺中在來1號，受每欉苗數及氮肥量影響較大，而行株距之影響較小。臺農秈糯2號以5~6支苗插值，施用重肥，產量較高。臺農秈育19號宜以5支苗插值，但在重肥或密植時，則以3支苗插值較佳。

並列摘要

The responses of four rice varieties, i. e., Tainung Sen waxy 2 (TNGSW 2), Tainung Sen Yuh 19 (TNGSY 19), Taichung Sen 3 (TCS 3) and Taichung Native 1 (TN 1), to two levels of nitrogen, four planting spacings and three numbers of seedlings per hill were studied in the first crop of 1984 at Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute.
The grain yield was significantly affected by varieties, planting spacings and seedlings per hill and also by the interactions between nitrogen levels and planting spacings, between nitrogen levels and varieties and between varieties and seedlings per hill. The panicles per hill increased with the increase of nitrogen and seedlings per hill. Varieties TNGSW 2 and TNGSY 19 had a smaller number of panicles per hill than TCS 3 and TN 1. The effects of different varieties and different seedlings per hill on the panicle length, panicle weight and spikelet number per panicle were all significant at 1% level. The seed-set percentage and 1,000-grain-weight were also affected by different varieties, but no significant correlation was found between each of the abovementioned growing conditions and seed-set percentage, as well as 1,000-grain weight.
The correlation coefficients between seed-set percentage and grains yield, 1,000-grain weight and grain yield were significantly positive. The panicles per hill and panicle length, panicles per hill and Panicle weight, panicles per hill and spikelets per panicle, panicles per hill and 1000-grain weight, panicles per bill and seed-set percentage, seed-set percentage and panicle length were negatively correlated. The spikelets per panicle and panicle length, panicle weight and spikelets per panicle, 1,000-grain weight and spikelets per panicle, seed-set percentage and panicle weight were positively correlated.
The grain yield of rice variety TNGSW 2 was higher at the heavy nitrogen level and a planting spacing of 28 × 16cm and 5-6 seedlings per hill. The grain yield of rice variety TNGSY 19 was higher at the heavy nitrogen level, 25 × 16 cm planting and 3 seedlings per hill.