甘藷新品系之生產能力及供作飼料之可行性研究

Study on the Productivity of Five New Sweet Potato Lines and Their Possibility for Feed Usage

劉新裕(Sin-Yie Liu)

《中華農業研究》 35卷1期 (1986/03) Pp. 45-56

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.198603.0005

摘要

本研究以新近育成之五個甘藷新品系（C70-141、C70-245、C71-92、C71-96及C71-157）與甘藷對照品種臺農57號比較其塊根及澱粉等性狀之生產能力，另藉飼料玉米臺農351號爲對照材料，就營養成分及多種酵素之分解速率等觀點以分析比較這五個甘藷新品系供作飼料之可行性。首先在生產能力方面，所有甘藷新品系在每公頃之地下塊根及地上莖葉產量、澱粉產量、酒精生成能力及蛋白質產量四方面都優於對照品種，其平均值各約爲甘藷臺農57號之145%、152%、152%及166%。其次在供作飼料之可能性方面，五個新品系除了上述之生產能力甚高的優點外，在營養成分上如粗蛋白質含量、粗脂肪含量及必需胺基酸之組成與濃度等方面都不如玉米臺農351號；在澱粉消化率方面，新甘藷品系之澱粉較玉米臺農351號之澱粉容易被三種澱粉水解酵素（1%α-amylase、1%α-+β-amylase及1%β-amylase）所分解，在弱酸中之分解消化速率則恰好相反；在蛋白質體外消化率或相對消化率方面，玉米臺農351號之蛋白質較甘藷新品系C71-92及甘藷臺農57號之蛋白質容易於被三種蛋白質複合酵素（trypsin、peptidase及chymotrypsin）所消化分解。
由上述之結果顯示，五個甘藷新品系單位面積之生產能力甚高，而在供作飼料之可行性方面，應與飼料玉米混合後，再添加其他之蛋白質來源及合成胺基酸等，以提高其營養及飼料效果。

並列摘要

This study was conducted with five new sweet potato lines (C70-141, C70-245, C71-92, C71-96 and C71-157) and one variety each of sweet potato (Tainung 57) and corn (Tainung 351) as control group. The productivity of the five new sweet potato lines was in many aspects better than that of the sweet potato variety such as hectare yields of tubers, branches, leaves, starch, ethanol and protein. Compared to the performance of the check variety the means of the five new sweet potato lines had 45% higher tubers branches and leaves yield, 52% higher starch yield, 52% higher ethanol yield, and 66% higher protein yield per hectare.
Concerning their possibility as feed usage the five new sweet potato lines amounted better in dry matter content and starch yield. But their crude protein content, crude fat content and the concentrations of all essential amino acids were lower than those of the corn variety, TNG 351. The digestibility of starch of the five new sweet potato lines was higher than that of the corn variety by using three amylase solutions, i. e., 1%α-+β-amylase, 1%α-+β-amylase, and 1%β-amylase. But the protein digestibility in vitro by testing with three protein enzymes, trypsin、chymotrypsin、and peptidase, was higher in the corn protein than in the protein of the five new sweet potato lines.
The results indicated that all new sweet potato lines had a very high and stable productivity. For the purpose of increasing their nutrition and feeding values the sweet potatoes should be mixed with corn and other ingredients such as protein、amino acids、and minerals.