Influence of Weed Interference on the Growth and Yield of no-tillage Corn (Zea mays L.)

雜草干擾時期對不整地栽培玉米生長與產量的影響

楊純明(Chwen-Ming Yang) ； 盧煌勝(Hung-Shung Lu) ； 張富洲(Fu-Chou Chang)

《中華農業研究》 42卷2期 (1993/06) Pp. 146-153

https://doi.org/10.29951/JARC.199306.0005

摘要

本文研究旨在探討雜草干擾時期對不整地栽培玉米之生長與產量的影響，田間試驗分別於1991年秋作及1992春作在臺灣省農業試驗所農場進行。玉米臺農一號採條播穴植，雜草干擾時期則分從玉米播後一週至全生育，計有七種處理，而以全期無雜草干擾為對照組。根據試驗結果，自秋作玉米田區收集之雜草量平均大於取自春作區者。雜草干擾未顯著限制玉米株高及葉片數，葉面積及植株乾重則減少，尤其當干擾時期超過6週以上。達到50%雄穗開花及雌穗吐絲所需日期，亦不受雜草干擾改變。收穫時，玉米有效植株百分比雖未顯著差異，但其差距高達10%；當干擾時期超過播種後4週，產量將降低，其中秋作干擾時期達6週及春作達8週時，將有20%的減產。

關鍵字

雜草 ； 干擾時期 ； 不整地 ； 玉米 ； 生長 ； 產量

並列摘要

Field experiments were conducted at the experimental farm of Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute (TARI) to study the influence of weed interference periods on the growth and yield of no-tillage corn (Zea mays L. cv. Tainung No. 1) in the fall crop of 1991 and the spring crop of 1992. Corn was strip planted and weed interference duration ranged from 1 week after planting to full-season with weed-free check as control. It showed that more weeds were collected from corn field in Fall than in Spring. Plant height and leaf number were not significantly affected by weed interference, whereas leaf area as well as leaf weight was declined, particularly over 6 weeks of interference. The 50% tasseling and silking dates were not changed by the existence of weeds. The effective plant percentage (EPP) measured at harvest ranged from 64 to 74% and 74 to 85% in the fall crop and the spring crop, respectively. The yield of corn was reduced when duration of weed interference was more than 4 weeks, a 20% reduction of yield was resulted from 6 weeks of weed interference in 1991 and 8 weeks in 1992. It is summarized that acceptable corn yield may be maintained when weed interference was less than 6 weeks after planting under no-tillage conditions.

並列關鍵字

Weeds ； Interference duration ； Corn ； Growth ； Yield ； No-tillage