水稻葉面積估算係數的品種變異性分析

水稻全株葉面積可以利用葉長(L)及最大葉寬(W)乘以某個葉面積係數(K(下標 L×W))之非破壞性方法進行快速估算，甚至於更省工省時地只用葉長乘以某個葉面積係數(K(下標 L))以有利於估算未完全展開葉片的葉面積。本研究首先在1999年以35個國內歷年來育成的稉稻品種及15個常作為育種親本之其他國家來源的稉稻品種，共50個參試品種之試驗資料，來探討這兩種K係數在不同品種間的變異性。試驗結果發現，國內與國外品種的兩種K係數的頻度分布皆呈常態分布，但國內品種K值分布變異較小而國外品種K值分布變異較大。國內品種之平均K(下標 L×W)值為0.70±0.01，平均K(下標 L)為0.90±0.09；國外品種之平均K(下標 L×W)值則為0.72±0.03，平均K(下標 L)為0.86±0.140。K(下標 L×W)在品種間的變異性較K(下標 L)為小。K(下標 L×W)和K(下標 L)與基因型的葉形（W/L比例）有明顯正相關關係，但由於國內育成品種的葉形較為固定（W/L皆近於0.04），故其葉面積估算係數並不會受到基因型種類不同而影響其估值大小，因此國內稉稻品種可以共同地利用葉長及最大葉寬乘以0.70來簡易估算出其全株葉面積。為進而檢測這個共同K(下標 L×W)值的預測準確度，本研究從上述國內育成品種中逢機選取其中11個品種，於2000年再進行栽培試驗，利用新資料驗證結果，其所估計的全株葉面積與實測葉面積問的差異皆在5%誤差率可接受程度之內。

關鍵字

水稻；葉面積；品種變異；分布檢定；葉形

並列摘要

Leaf area of rice plant can be rapidly estimated by the non-destructive measurement of leaf dimensions. A coefficient of K(subscript L×W) is required when the product of leaf length (L) and maximum width (W) are used for the measurement. Furthermore, the coefficient of K(subscript L) multiplied by leaf length alone can also be used to estimate the area of both expanded and non-expanded leaves. The objective of this study was to investigate the genotypic variation of these coefficients for estimating leaf area in rice. In the first experiment carried out in 1999, 50 japonica rice varieties (including 35 varieties bred in Taiwan and 15 collected from other origins) were used as materials. The distribution of K coefficients is normal for either Taiwanese or introduced varieties tested. However, the genotypic variation of K coefficients of Taiwanese varieties was smaller than that of introduced varieties. For Taiwanese varieties, the average K(subscript L×W) was 0.70±0.01 and K(subscript L) was 0.90±0.09; while those of introduced varieties were 0.72±0.03 and 0.86±0.14, respectively. The genotypic variation of K(subscript L×W) was smaller than that of K(subscript L). A positive correlation between K coefficients and leaf shape (ratio of W/L) was observed. However, the K values were not significantly affected by leaf shape for Taiwanese varieties since the W/L ratio of all varieties was close to 0.04. An overall average K(subscript L×W) value of 0.70 was therefore derived to predict leaf area of Taiwanese japonica rice varieties irrespective of the genotype considered. To test the prediction accuracy of this common K(subscript L×W), 11 randomly selected rice varieties were used as materials in a second experiment carried out in 2000. The results showed that all the difference between the estimated and measured leaf area was less than 5 per cent.

並列關鍵字

Rice ； Leaf area ； Genotypic variation ； Distribution test ； Leaf shape

國際替代計量

水稻葉面積估算係數的品種變異性分析

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