音響集魚的初步試驗

Preliminary Experiment on the Luring of Fish Schools by Utilizing Underwater Acoustical Equipment

周耀烋(Y. S. Chow) ； 蘇偉成(W. C. Su) ； 何權浤(H. C. Ho)

《臺灣水產學會刊》 6卷2期 (1979/06) Pp. 74-87

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.197906.0008

摘要

利用音響設備，進行有關生物資源的音響生態調查，以資今後爲發展音響漁法奠立基礎，初步蒐集的數種具經濟性價值魚種的生態音響情報，摘要如下：
1. 採用頻率300Hz音響進行嘉臘魚的馴化試驗，經一星期的學習訓練後，獲知嘉臘魚頗適合於馴化條件的魚類。
2. 600Hz可能爲誘集嘉臘魚最佳頻率。
3. 笛鯛及龍尖二魚種，對固定頻率之學習訓練，發見同樣有效，亦爲適合馴化條件的魚種。
4. 花身鷄魚發出的特殊音響，大致在1KHz以下，而以200Hz及300Hz之二個頻率尤爲明顯。
5. 丁香魚及鱙等之攝食音響未詳，其誘集試驗亦未能獲致予期效果。
6. 石斑魚之攝食音響，頻率可達4KHz，但較爲明顯的頻率是在200Hz及600Hz二個特定頻率。
7.海豚的生態音響有3種，各別的波形組成完全相異。
8.海豚對人工造音，頻率800Hz的單一純音，有明顯的反應現象。

並列摘要

In order to meet the incline of the development of modern fishery science, the developing of underwater acoustical fishing technics by using acoustical equipment to investigate the acoustical ecology of several important fisheries resources will serve as a basic for the development of underwater acoustical fishing method in the future. The summary of the experiments of acoustical ecology of several species of fishes as follows:
1. By using the sound of 300 Hz frequency to acclimate the Pagrus major for a week period, we found that this species of fish can easily be acclimatized.
2. The best gathering response of Pagrus major to sound was on the frequency of600 Hz.
3. By using purse sound with fixed frequency Lethrinus choerohychus and Lutjanus johni can also be acclimatized.
4. The frequency of sound produced by Terapon jarbua was under 1 KHz. Between 200-300 Hz, sound pressure will be greater.
5. The experiments of luring Spratelloides gracilis and Engraulis japonica by sound, did not reach the expectant effects.
6. The frequency of sound produced by Epinephelus amblycephalus on their feeding can as high as 4 KHz, but their response to sound pressure was under 1 KHz.
7. There are three ecological sounds of porpoises (Delphinus delphis), each has different sound wave composition, but it seems porpoises can responses activity to a single purse sound of 800 Hz frequency.