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臺灣北部沿海長腳龍蝦之生物學研究
Biology of the Spiny Lobster Panulirus Longipes(A. Milne-Edwards)in the Coastal Waters of Northern Taiwan
摘要
爲探討黑鯛(Acanthopagrus schlegeli)視網膜之色覺細胞（卽錐狀細胞，cones）的空間特性(spatial properties)及色覺特徵(spectral characters)，本實驗利用細胞分離之形態學測定及組織生化之NBT(nitro-blue tetrazolium)活體染色技術，結果顯示黑鯛網膜具有二大類錐狀細胞：(1)單一型(single)，(2)雙重型(double)，且各別由二小羣組成，比率分别爲28％:72％與12％：88％；NBT與錐狀細胞之視色素(visual pigment)反應，則利用紅、綠、藍三色光照射，其反應之百分比分析結果顯示，錐狀細胞間之空間鑲嵌以方形排列(square mosaic)爲主，並以紅—綠爲主，少數爲紅—紅配對（孿生錐狀細胞，twin cones）所組成，而方形之中央則以對藍光反應之單一錐狀細胞所組成。方形鑲嵌卽顯示黑鯛可能具極佳之視覺以感受不同方向之餌料運動，其色覺特徵則顯示其與一般表層性魚種相同，可能具有色覺之敏感性。
並列摘要
In order to investigate the spatial properties and the spectral characters of conesin the black porgy(Acanthopagrus schlegeli)retina,morphological studies with retinalisolation and histochemical studies with NBT(nitro-blue tetrazolium chloride)vitalstaining,were applied in these experiments.The morphological identities by the ellipsoid height of the measured cones showthe retina had single and double cones with two sub-populations of 28%:72% and12%:88%,respectively.Regarding the relative proportions of the different conepopulation responded to three chromatic light,red-,green- and blue-sensitive coneswere identified in the wholemount retina.The red-red and red-green double conepairs were the majority to frame the square mosaic and the blue-sehsitive single coneswere located in the centers of the cone mosaics.The chromatic organization of the square mosaic reveals that the black porgywere able to sense the moving preys from various orientations and also to obtain thegood spectral sensitivities.