Numerical Taxonomy of Bacteria Isolated from the Hepatopancreas of Giant Tiger Prawn Penaeus Monodon,Fleshy Prawn P. Chinensis,and Their Culture Water

草蝦Penaeus Monodon、大正蝦P. Chinensis養殖池水及蝦肝臟內細菌之數值分類

張錦宜(Chin-I Chang) ； 鍾虎云(Huu-Yun Chung) ； 郭光雄(Guang-Hsiung Kou)

《臺灣水產學會刊》 23卷2期 (1996/06) Pp. 117-136

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.199606.0005

摘要

河鲶苗放養於12個0.04公頃之土池中，各池放養率為每公頃7,500尾，養殖期間為184天。投餵方式依照兩段式投餌之四組設計之一而行之，即自魚苗養至227克體型，此期間使用蛋白質含量為30％至36％之飼料，而由227克養至454克間則改變飼料中蛋白質之含量，使其量在25％～36％之間，但所有飼料之熱能含量均等，每池投餌量亦均相同。結果顯示自魚苗養至227克止，投以30％或36％蛋白質之飼料之成長相當，但自227克養至454克時則以含36％蛋白質之飼料所養成之魚之成長最佳。同時，以扣除飼料成本後之收益相比，含36％蛋白質之飼料組較含25％或30％蛋白質之飼料組為佳。以上結果顥示，當魚投以足夠量之飼料且飼料之蛋白質組成佳而熱能含量適當時，飼料中含30％之蛋白質應已足夠；然而，在養殖後期，當投餌量受限制時，36％之蛋白質含量之飼料可使魚之成長較佳。此四組不同蛋白質含量組合之投餌設計並不會影響魚體之加工製成率及魚體水份、脂肪及蛋白質含量。此外，在每組投餌設計中另有3種不同之放養方式，即每池均放養15.2 cm魚苗，一半放養12.7 cm魚苗另一半放養17.8 cm魚苗以及12.7 cm，15.2 cm，17.8 cm魚苗各放養1/3等三種方式，以此來評估放養魚苗體型及比例對河鯰收成體型之影響。結果顥示，以養殖至454克之上市體型而言，放養同大小之魚苗可得到收成體型最一致之結果。

關鍵字

數值分類 ； 細菌相 ； 草蝦 ； 大正蝦

並列摘要

Channel catfish fingerlings were stocked in 12 0.04 hectare earthern ponds at therate of 7,500 per hectare and fed for a 184-day feeding period on one of four two-phasefeeding regimes.The feeding regimes consisted of feeding the fish from stocking to 227 gsize at one dietary protein level(30-36%)and from 227 g to 454 g size at another proteinlevel(25-36%).The diets were all isocaloric.Fish in all treatments were fed equal dietallowances.The results showed that fish fed the 30 or 36% protein diets gained at the samerate to 227 g size,but from 227 g to 454 g size the fish fed the 36% protein diet gainedmore weight and showed a greater return above feed costs than those fed the 25 or30% protein diets.The data indicate that when fish are fed generously,30% goodquality protein in energy adequate rations is sufficient for channel catfish;however,whenfeeding is restricted during the latter phase of the growing period,a 36% protein diet ismore productive.The four different feeding regimes didn't affect dressing percentage or body composition(moisture,fat and protein)of the fish.Three different stocking regimes within each treatment(all 15.2 cm size,one half 12.7 cmand one half 17.8 cm,and one third 12.7 cm,one third 15.2 cm,and one third 17.8 cm)wereused to evaluate the influence of variation in stocking size on variation in harvest sizesof pond-raised channel catfish.Stocking fingerlings of the same cm-group produced the mostuniform size fish when harvested at 454 g size.

並列關鍵字

Numerical Taxonomy ； Bacterial Flora ； Tiger Prawn ； Fleshy Prawn