Observation of Effects of Timsen(superscript TM) on the Cultivation of Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon)-Pond Water Quality, Vibrio Community and Virus Distribution of Hepatopancreas, Growth and Cellular Immunity

Timsen(上標 TM)對草蝦養殖影響的觀察－水質、蝦肝胰臟中弧菌相與病毒的分布及蝦子的生長與細胞性免疫力

宋宏紅(Hung-Hung Sung) ； 石倍安(Pei-An Shih) ； 丁雲源(Yun-Yuan Ting) ； 郭士榮(Shih-Rong Kuo)

《臺灣水產學會刊》 31卷1期 (2004/03) Pp. 39-53

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.200403.0004

摘要

從2002年6月至9月放養一批草蝦幼苗至兩個養殖池，一池為殺菌劑Timsen(上標 TM)處理的實驗池，另一池則為不處理的控制池。在蝦苗放養後的前56天期間，測得實驗池池水多項的水質參數變化較控制池穩定，且蝦子的生長優於控制池蝦；此外，在控制池的蝦子體內測到MBV和IHHNV兩種病毒的存在，但在實驗池蝦則否。放養後第57天時，颱風來襲；其後，發現兩個養殖池的池水鹽度都顯著下降至25‰，且池水的透明度明顯改變；然而，其中有三項水質參數（pH值、阿摩尼亞及亞硝酸鹽濃度）只在控制池發生明顯變化；另外，在兩池中的蝦子生長速率均開始變慢，且此期間在實驗池蝦子體內亦開始測到MBV和IHHNV病毒的存在。放養後第78天，在控制池發現具有紅尾與軟殼症狀的病蝦，並在一週後大量死亡；然而，試驗池蝦的發病則比控制池晚約二週。在放養後70天至98天期間測定蝦子的細胞免疫力，顯示實驗蝦的總血球數目高於控制池蝦子，且顆粒性血球百分率與酚氧化酵素活性的變化與蝦子感染的狀況有關。

關鍵字

蝦子 ； 殺菌素Timsen(上標 TM) ； 水質 ； 弧菌 ； 病毒 ； 免疫力

並列摘要

One batch of shrimp was cultivated in each of two separate culture ponds from June to September, 2002; one test pond was treated weekly with Timsen(superscript TM) (0.1mg/L) and the other was used as the control pond. Before day 56 of culturing activity, results showed that some water parameters of the treated pond were more stable than that of the control pond, the growth of the experimental shrimp was better than that of the control shrimp, and, in addition to WSSV, two viruses (MBV and IHHNV) were detectable in the control shrimp, but none of these viruses was detected in the experimental shrimp. There was a typhoon on day 57; thereafter, it was found that, in both ponds, the salinity of the pond water dropped significantly to 25‰ and the transparency obviously changed, and that three other parameters, pH value and the concentration of ammonia and of nitrite, only changed in the control pond, that the growth rate of both the control and the experimental shrimps became decreased, and that MBV and IHHNV were also detectable in the experimental shrimp. On day 78, diseased shrimps with red and soft shell were found in the control pond; one week later, a mass of control shrimp died. However, the disease outbreak amongst the experimental shrimp was delayed for about two weeks. As for the expression of cellular immunity, the total hemocyte count of the experimental shrimp was higher than that of the control shrimp from 70 days to 98 days after cultivation; in addition, the changes of both granulocyte percentage and phenoloxidase activity were related to the shrimp infection.

並列關鍵字

Shrimp ； Bactericide Timsen(superscript TM) ； Water quality ； Vibrio ； Viruses ； Immunity