高屏溪流域魚類的組成與族群分布

為實施海洋漁業自動化，東港區漁會在農委會計劃下補助三艘漁船裝設小型美式鮪延繩釣漁撈作業系統，本分所接受東港區漁會之委託，於民國84年5月4日至11日及11月14日至20日，利用其中之海祥81號漁船在密克羅尼西亞海域進行兩航次之海上實際作業的測試，並在5月份第一航次中，與於同海域作業而僅裝設揚繩機之傳統式漁船海祥99號的漁獲資料作比較，以評估該作業系統之漁獲性能。實際以微深度計測得之釣鉤深度由於受潮流作用之影響而較理論深度為淺。黃鰭鮪於水溫躍層之所有深度中均能釣獲，而大目鮪則有80％釣獲於水溫躍層之下半層，即水深145-225 m的水域，此處水溫介於10.7-17.5℃。裝設美式鮪延繩釣漁撈作業系統(AT)漁船之漁獲量及單位努力漁獲量(CPUE)均較傳統式(TT)漁船為高。AT漁船之投繩及揚繩作業的時數分別較TT漁船節省0.14～1.45小時及0.37～2.85小時。又在AT漁船上工作之船員可較TT漁船減少3名。由此可推定，裝在小型鮪釣船上之美式鮪延繩釣漁撈作業系統，確實為一種省時省力且漁獲性能良好之漁撈設備。

關鍵字

高屏溪；溪水魚；魚類相；族群分布

並列摘要

To examine and assess the fishing efficiency of an American fishing systemfor tuna longliners(AT)which was introduced by the authors,experimentsentrusted to us by the Tung Kang Fishermen's Association were carried out by aboat equipped with AT in the Micronesian waters.On the other hand,data fromanother boat with a traditional fishing system(TT)operating in the same areawere also obtained to compare the fishing efficiency of the two types.Experimentalhook depth measured by a micro-depth meter was shallower than theoreticaldepth owing to the action of water currents.Yellowfin tuna were hooked throughoutthe thermocline,but 80% of bigeye tuna were hooked at the depth of 145-225m which was the lower half of the thermocline,and the water temperature rangedfrom 10.7 to 17.5℃.Total catch by the AT boat was larger than that by the TTboat.In addition,the total catch per unit effort(CPUE)for the AT boat was alsolarger than that for the TT boat.Time required for casting and hauling lines bythe AT boat was 0.14-1.45 and 0.37-2.85 hours respectively,which was less thanthat by the TT boat.The number of crew members needed for the operation onthe AT boat could be three less than that on the TT boat.We conclude that theAmerican fishing system for small-scale tuna longliners could save the manpowerand operating time,and thus increase the catching efficiency.

並列關鍵字

Kaoping River ； Freshwater Fishes ； Distribution ； Community

國際替代計量

高屏溪流域魚類的組成與族群分布

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