Partial Substitution of White Fish Meal with Soybean Meal or Lupin Meal in Diets for Fingerling Black Carp (Mylopharyngodon Piceus)

青魚稚魚飼料中以脫脂黃豆粉或羽扁豆粉部分取代白魚粉

楊順德(Shuenn-Der Yang) ； 林天生(Tain-Sheng Lin) ； 劉擎華(Chyng-Hwa Liou) ； 陳瑤湖(Yew-Hu Chien) ； 彭弘光(Hung-Kuang Peng) ； 廖一久(I-Chiu Liao)

《臺灣水產學會刊》 28卷4期 (2001/12) Pp. 317-328

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.200112.0005

摘要

本試驗係探討在粗蛋白質含量為40%的青魚飼料中以脫脂黃豆粉或羽扁豆粉部分取代魚粉之可能性。試驗係以全魚粉組為對照組，試驗組為以脫脂黃豆粉或羽扁豆粉取代青魚飼料中15%或30%之白魚粉；另外，在取代30%白魚粉的黃豆粉組或羽扁豆粉組再分別添加與魚粉組等量的離胺酸和甲硫胺酸以探討限制胺基酸的補足效果。八周的飼育試驗結果顯示，在成長率、飼料效率、蛋白質效率或蛋白質蓄積率方面，各處理組間並無明顯的差別，且各池無魚隻死亡情形。飼育試驗結束後分析魚體成分組成發現，全魚粉組魚體的脂質含量顯著低於各試驗組，而水分含量則高於各組。在肝臟成分分析方面，餵飼含黃豆粉之飼料的各組魚體肝臟脂質含量顯著高於含羽扁豆粉之各組。血液分析結果顯示全魚粉組之血容比顯著高於以黃豆粉取代魚粉的三組飼料組；另外，分析魚體礦物質組成發現魚體鋅含量顯著受飼料組成之影響，以黃豆粉取代30%白魚粉的兩組飼料組其魚體鋅含量明顯低於全魚粉組，而各組魚體或血漿之鈣、磷和鎂含量則不受飼料組成影響。由本試驗結果顯示，在等氮及等能量之情形下，青魚飼料中的白魚粉可被黃豆粉或羽扁豆粉取代15甚至30%而不需添加甲硫胺酸和離胺酸。

關鍵字

青魚 ； 魚粉 ； 黃豆 ； 羽扁豆 ； 蛋白質源取代

並列摘要

A feeding trial was conducted outdoor in concrete tanks stocked with fingerling black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) for 8 weeks to investigate whether commercial defatted soybean (Glycine max merrill) meal or lupin (Lupinus angustifoilus) meal could be used as a partial replacement for white fish meal in a practical diet with 40% crude protein. The white fish meal diet without any legume seed meal was used as the control. Four diets were formulated by replacing 15 and 30% white fish meal with either soybean meal or lupin meal based on iso-nitrogen and iso-energy. Additional two diets, in which 30% of the fish meal replaced with either legume seed meals, were supplemented with lysine and methionine to study the efficacy of adding limiting amino acids. No mortality occurred in all tanks. Weight gain, feed efficiency, protein efficiency ratio and productive protein value were not significantly (p＞0.05) different among the treatments. Fish fed the control diet had the lowest body lipid and highest moisture contents. Fish fed soybean meal containing diets had higher liver lipid content than fish fed lupin meal containing diets. Fish fed the control diet had higher hematocrit value than fish fed soybean meal containing diets. Fish fed 30% soybean meal diet had lower whole body zinc contents than fish fed the control diet. Both whole body and plasma calcium, phosphorus and magnesium contents in fish were not affected by the treatments. These results suggest that practical diets formulated upon iso-nitrogen and iso-energy white fish meal can be replaced with up to 30% soybean meal or lupin meal without methionine and lysine supplementation for black carp.

並列關鍵字

black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) ； fish meal ； soybean ； lupin ； alternative protein sources