以益生菌Lactobacillus plantarum 7-42發酵含黃豆粉及農畜副產物的混合原料取代白蝦飼料中魚粉之可行性

本研究目的為評估以胚芽乳酸桿菌7-42發酵混合農畜副產物取代白蝦飼料中魚粉之可行性。實驗用魚粉取代原料包括未發酵混合原料及發酵混合原料。未發酵混合原料含胚芽乳酸桿菌7-42發酵黃豆粉75%、雞肉粉10%、血粉10%、蝦殼粉2.5%及魷魚皮2.5%；發酵混合原料之製備是先將黃豆粉75%、雞肉粉10%、血粉10%、蝦殼粉2.5%及魷魚皮2.5%混合均勻後，再以胚芽乳酸桿菌7-42進行發酵72小時。實驗飼料包括全魚粉基礎飼料 (對照組)，以未發酵混合原料取代飼料中魚粉60%、80%、100%組 (MAP60、MAP80、MAP100)及以胚芽乳酸桿菌7-42發酵之混合原料取代飼料中魚粉60%、80%、100% 組 (FMAP60、FMAP80、FMAP100)，共計七組。實驗於室內海水循環系統中進行，每組三重複，每重複各30尾白蝦，實驗期間每日投餵兩次飼料至飽食，共進行56天。. 結果顯示MAP100組的存活率顯著低於對照組。成長方面以胚芽乳酸桿菌7-42發酵之混合原料取代飼料中魚粉60%組 (FMAP60)優於對照組，而以胚芽乳酸桿菌7-42發酵之混合原料取代飼料中魚粉80%、100%組 (FMAP80、FMAP100)則與對照組無顯著差異；反之未醱酵混合原料取代飼料中魚粉60%、80%、100%組 (MAP60、MAP80、MAP100)成長均低於對照組。體組成方面水分、粗脂質及灰分在各組間無顯著差異；而FMAP80組粗蛋白最高，MAP100組則是粗蛋白最低。攻毒感染實驗顯示，經病原菌 Vibrio alginolyticus感染後，各組間之死亡率無顯著差異。綜合以上結果可知，發酵混合原料可完全取代白蝦飼料中魚粉。

關鍵字

白蝦；胚芽乳酸桿菌 7-42 ；發酵混合原料；農畜副產物；成長

並列摘要

This study aimed to assess the effect of replacing fish meal with agricultural by-product mixture fermentated by Lactobacillus plantarum 7-42 in the diet of white shrimp. The fish meal replacement by fermented and unfermented mixtures was carried in experimental diets was carried out. Unfermented mixture was consisted of Lac. plantarum 7-42-fermented soybean meal (FSBM) 75%, poultry meal 10%, blood meal 10%, shrimp shell meal 2.5% and squid skin 2.5%; fermented mixture with above mixture was and fermented by Lac. plantarum 7-42. Seven diets including fish meal-basal diet (control), and fish meal replaced by unfermented mixture at 60%, 80% and 100%, respectively (designed as MAP60, MAP80 and MAP100) or fermented mixture at 60%, 80% and 100%, respectively (designed as FMAP60, FMAP80 and FMAP10). Severn groups in triplicates were carried out in this study. Each replicate was consisted of 30 fish. Shrimp were fed to apparent satiation twice daily for 56 d in an indoor seawater circulation system. Shrimp in the groups MAP100 had significantly reduced survival as compared to that of shrimp in the control.Shrimp in group FMAP60 had the better growth performance as compared to that of shrimp in control, while the growth performance of shrimp fed the diets containing fish meal replaced by fermented mixtures at the levels of 80% and 100% were not significantly different to the control. However, shrimp in the groups MAP60, MAP80 and MAP100 had significantly reduced growth performance as compared to that of shrimp in the control. No significant difference in the moisture, crude lipid, and crude ash contents of whole-body shrimp. Whereas, shrimp fed the diets of FMAP80 had an increased crude protein content in whole-body, while crude protein content in shrimp fed the MAP100 was decreased. The results of challenged test with potential pathogen, Vibrio alginolyticus showed that the survivals of shrimp among the control and treatments were not significant different. Therefore, it is suggested that the fermented mixture prepared in this study is a potential replacement for fish meal in shrimp diets.