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Bath Administration of Carrageenan Produces Protective Immunity of White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in Response to Ammonia Stress
白蝦接受鹿角菜膠對於氨緊迫的免疫保護
摘要
白蝦浸泡於含鹿角菜膠0（對照組）、200及400 mg/l的海水中，經過3小時，暴露於5mg/l氨-氮中，於24～144小時緊迫後，分析免疫因子，包括透明球、顆粒性球（含半顆粒球）、總血球、酚氧化酵素活性、呼吸爆、超氧歧化酵素活性、溶菌酉每活性及血淋巴蛋白質。浸泡於不含氨－氮海水的白蝦作為背景值。白蝦浸泡於含鹿角菜膠400 mg/l的海水後，經氨緊迫24～48小時，結果顯示透明球、總血球、酚氧化酵素活性、呼吸爆及超氧歧化酵素的活性，顯著高於對照組。經浸泡鹿角菜膠400 mg/l海水的白蝦，其呼吸爆、超氧歧化酵素活性、溶菌酉每 活性及血淋巴蛋白質，經氨緊迫144、144、120及144小時後，分別回復到背景值，但是，對照組的蝦, 經氨緊迫144小時後，此等因子仍低於背景值。因此，與背景值相比，接受浸泡鹿角菜膠400 mg/l的白蝦，一旦暴露於氨－氮緊迫，其免疫因子下降較少，證實接受鹿角菜膠浸泡之白蝦對氨緊迫具抵抗力。白蝦受到氨緊迫，其原酚氧化酵素活性下降較多，呼吸爆與超氧歧化酵素活性下降較少，顯示對體液性免疫有較深的影響。
並列摘要
White shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei immersed in seawater containing carrageenan at 0 (control), 200, and 400 mg/l for 3 h, were exposed to 5 mg/l ammonia-N (ammonia-N), and immune parameters including hyaline cell (HC), granular cell (GC, including semi-granular cell), the total hemocyte count (THC), phenoloxidase (PO) activity, respiratory burst (RB), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, lysozyme activity, and hemolymph protein level were examined 24~144 h post-stress. Shrimp immersed in seawater with no ammonia stress served as the background control. Results indicated that HC, THC, PO, RB and SOD activity of shrimp immersed in 400 mg/l carrageenan were significantly higher than those of control shrimp at 24~48 h post-stress. Results indicated that the RB, SOD activity, lysozyme activity and hemolymph protein level of shrimp immersed in 400 mg/l carrageenan had returned to the background values at 144, 144, 120, and 144 h post-stress, whereas these values of control shrimp remained lower than those of background values at 144 h post-stress. It was therefore concluded that white shrimp immersed in seawater containing 400 mg/l carrageenan exhibited a protective effect against ammonia stress as evidenced by less decrease of immune parameters, compared to background values. Shrimp subjected to ammonia stress showed a greater decrease in PO activity and less decreases in RB and SOD activity indicating progressive perturbation of the humoral immunity.
延伸閱讀
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- Kitikiew, S., Chen, Y. Y., Yeh, S. T., & Chen, J. C. (2015). 接受褐藻多醣白蝦於氨緊迫下具免疫保護. 臺灣水產學會刊, 42(3), 189-197. https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.201509_42(3).0006
- Chang, C. C., Gua, W. R., & Cheng, W. (2013). 飼料添加Saccharomyces cerevisiae對白蝦免疫反應及抗病能力之影響. 臺灣水產學會刊, 40(1), 43-55. https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.201303_40(1).0004
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