Effect of Guar (Cyamopsis Tetragonolobus) Meal Based Diets on Growth Performance and Feed Utilization in Asian Catfish, Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus Fingerlings

飼料中添加瓜爾豆（Cyamopsis tetragonolobus）影響亞洲鯰魚Pangasianodon Hypophthalmus仔魚成長及其飼料利用率

Mohamed Ali Rajamohamed Kalanjiam ； Balasubramanian Malaikozhundan ； Vairavan Girija ； Narayanan Gobi ； Baskaralingam Vaseeharan

《臺灣水產學會刊》 41卷2期 (2014/06) Pp. 135-144

https://doi.org/10.29822/JFST.201406_41(2).0006

摘要

亞洲鯰魚Pangasianodon hypophthalmus是一種成長迅速、產值高、廣泛養殖的淡水魚種。該魚種的飼料Formulated feed plays paramount role for the ongoing success foraugmenting the commercial culture of this candidate catfish species.。由於成本的增加因此必須尋找可替代的蛋白質來源如豆粕。本研究即利用瓜爾豆取代亞洲鯰魚飼料中的豆粕。配製0、5、10、15及20%等5種不同含量的瓜爾豆分別取代0、25、50、75及100%的豆粕。每個實驗組有15尾小魚（平均體重為2克），每組有三個重覆組，投餵45天。分析結果顯示瓜爾豆的粗蛋白及粗脂質略高於豆粕，分別為50.11與47.09%，4.9與3.41%，而灰份較低（4.71及6.23%）。經過45天的飼養後，飼料中添加10%瓜爾豆的仔魚生長參數、增重百分比、平均每日增長系數、特定生長率、魚苗日增重等因子在統計上沒有差異。餵食含瓜爾豆15%及20%飼料的仔魚其飼料轉換率明顯高出10%，但活存率明顯低於對照組。研究結果顯示亞洲鯰魚飼料可以10%瓜爾豆取代50%的豆粕，並不會影響其成長及飼料利用率。

關鍵字

水產飼料 ； 豆粕替代 ； 瓜爾豆 ； 成長因子 ； 飼料利用率

並列摘要

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the potential of guar meal as a substitute for soybean meal in the diet of Asian catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. Six experimental diets of isonitrogenous and isolipidic were formulated to contain guar meal at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% level by replacing soybean meal at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% respectively. An experimental diet containing 20% soybean meal and 0% guar meal was used as a control diet. Triplicate group of 15 fingerlings (2.74 ± 0.07 g mean initial body weight) were fed with each diet for a period of 45 days in a completely randomized design under tank condition. Analysis of proximate composition showed that the crude protein and ether extract content of guar meal were slightly higher than those of soybean meal (50.11 vs 47.09% and 4.90 vs 3.41% respectively), but lower total ash content (4.71 vs. 6.23%). The results of 45 days feeding experiment showed that there were no significant (p ＞ 0.05) difference in various growth parameters namely, percent weight gain, average daily growth coefficient, specific growth rate and daily growth coefficient of fingerlings that fed with diets containing guar meal up to 10% inclusion level. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly lowered (p ＜ 0.05) in the fingerlings fed with diets containing more than 10% of guar meal (GM 15 and GM 20). Similarly, the survival rate was also reduced significantly (p ＜ 0.05) in GM 15 (58.33%) and GM 20 (41.64%) dietary groups compared to control group (97.77%). Results of the present study concludes that guar meal can be included up to 10% by replacing soybean meal at 50% during feed formulation for Asian catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus fingerlings without affecting the growth performance and feed utilization.

並列關鍵字

Aquafeed ； Soybean meal replacement ； Guar meal ； Asian catfish ； Pangasianodon hypophthalmus ； Growth performance ； Feed utilization