可與反應性染料結合之水性聚氨基甲酸酯聚合體合成

Synthesis of Anionic Water-borne Polyurethane with Covalent Bond of Reactive Dye

汪輝雄(H. H. Wang) ； 簡啓忠(C. T. Gen)

《材料科學與工程》 32卷4期 (2000/01) Pp. 191-200

https://doi.org/10.6409/JMSE.200001.0191

摘要

本研究之重點是於合成能夠與反應性染料結合之陰離子型水性聚氨基甲酸酯聚合體。實驗中先製備出陰離子型的水性聚氨基甲酸酯（水性PU），然後再與反應性染料染色。
首先以H12-4,4'-二苯甲基二異氰酸鹽(H12-MDI)和聚丁醚二醇(PTMG)、二甲基丙酸（DMPA，陰離子中心）、三乙基胺（TEA，中和劑）先進行預聚合反應，接著加入純水進行水乳化分散作用，形成水性聚氨基甲酸酯預聚合體。然後選用N-2羥乙基乙二胺(HEDA)作爲鏈延長劑加入水性聚氨基甲酸酯預聚合體以製得水性聚氨基甲酸酯；之後利用HEDA構造中具有之側鏈OH基團可與反應性染料進行化學性共價鏈結合染色。
由實驗結果顯示，在熱性質方面，隨著染料分子的接枝使得Tgh有增加的趨勢，但Tgs則不會有明顯的變化°機械性質方面，模數與斷裂強度會著染料分子的接枝而下降，但斷裂伸度則有增加；此外，聚合體的粘度則隨染料分子的接枝而有下降的趨勢，而接枝率則可達90%以上。在染色性方面，PU接枝染料聚合體皆較以EDA（乙基二胺）爲鏈長劑者（無側鏈OH基團）具較低的染料遷徙率以及較高級數的耐日光堅牢度。

關鍵字

水性聚氨基甲酸酯 ； 反應性染料 ； 共價鍵染料結合

並列摘要

The main point of this study is to synthesize an anionic water-borne polyurethane which is capable of reacting with reactive dye to form a covalent bond of dye molecule. In this study, the anionic water-borne polyurethane was synthesized and grafted with the reactive dye to formed a dyed PU.
First, the water-borne polyurethane prepolymer was synthesized from H12-4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (H12-MDI), polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG), 2,2-bis (hydroxymethyl) propionic acid (DMPA, anionic center), and triethyleneamide (TEA, neutralizer) using the prepolymer mixing method. Then, the pure water was added to emulsify and disperse the resin to form an anionic water-borne polyurethane prepolymer. Finally, the extender of N(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylene diamine (HEDA) was used to extend the prepolymer to form a polymer with side chain of hydroxyl groups, which can further react with dye molecule.
In consideration of the heat properties, the dye grafted PU polymers exhibit higher Tgh than those without dye grafted, and the Tgs is not obviously changed. From to mechanical properties, it is found that the modulus and the strength of the dyed PU polymers are decreased with grafting of dye molecule, but the breaking elongation is increased. Besides, the inherent viscosity is decreased with the presence of dyed molecule. For dyeing properties, the percentage of dye grafting is over 90%. The dye grafted PU exhibits lower Mp% value than that of using EDA (ethylene diamine) as chain extender (no side chain hydroxyl groups), and also show a higher grade of colorfastness to light.

並列關鍵字

Water-borne polyurethane ； Reactive dye ； Covalent bond of dye molecule