聚氨基甲酸酯－醯胺共聚合體之物性及染色性研究

Physical and Dyeing Properties of Poly (urethane-amide) Copolymers

汪輝雄(H. H. Wang) ； 林里燕(L. E. Lin)

《材料科學與工程》 34卷4期 (2002/12) Pp. 219-230

https://doi.org/10.6409/JMSE.200212.0219

摘要

本研究之重點在於改質聚氨基甲酸酯之染色性。首先，將二胺(1, 6-diaminohexane)與過量之已二酸(adipic acid)反應，先形成具-COOH(carboxyl group)宋端基之聚醯胺6,6預聚合體。另外，將聚醚雙醇(PTMG)與量之4,4'- 二苯甲基二異氰酸酯(MDI)行預聚合反應，形成具 -NCO末端基之聚氨基甲酸酯預聚合體。然後，將鏈延長劑1,4-BD與上述具 –COOH末端基聚醯胺6,6預聚合體分別以100/0、75/25、25/75的比例，加入具 –NCO末端基之PU預聚合體中行鏈延長反應，合成出聚氨基甲酸酯－醯胺共聚合體，並將酸性染料加到Poly(urethane-amide)共聚合體中進行染色，針對改質後共聚合體之物化性及染色性加以探討。經測試結果得知：聚氨基甲酸酯－醯胺共聚合體之固有粘度隨聚醯胺6,6預聚合體之含量增加有明顯地提升趨勢。在熱性質方面，由DSC測試顯示聚氨基甲酸酯－醯胺共聚合體為兩相結構且具有良好的相分離，並且具有四個轉位溫度(Tgs、Tgh、Tms及Tmh)，但只有PTMG2000系列才有Tms；Tgs與軟鏈節長度有關，而Tgh則會因聚醯胺含量的添加而上升；而隨著染料分子的染著使得Tgh有增加的趨勢，Tgs則不會有明顯的變化。在機械性質方面，它顯示聚氨基甲酸酯－醯胺共聚合體其抗張強度與模數均較傳統PU聚合體者高；另外，其模數與斷裂強度則皆會隨著染料分子的染著而下降，而斷裂伸度則會增加。在染色性質方面，染著量會隨著所導入之聚醯胺含量增加而隨之上升。在染色堅牢度試驗方面，改質後之聚氨基甲酸酯－醯胺共聚合體亦有較高級之耐水堅牢度。

關鍵字

聚氨基甲酸酯 ； 酸性染料 ； 聚氨基甲酸酯-醯胺共聚合體

並列摘要

The main point of this study is to modify the dyeing properties of the polyurethane copolymer. Firstly, the carboxyl-terminated polyamide 6,6 prepolymer was synthesized from adipic acid (AA) and 1,6-diaminohexan (HD_. The isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymer was also synthesized form polytetramethylene glycol (PTMG) and 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) in N,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF). The polyurethane perpolymer was then extended with mixture of 1,4-butanediol and the polyamide 6,6 prepolymer. (the proportion of 1,4-BD was 100%, 75%, 50% and , respectively) Finally, the poly(urethane-amide) copolymers were dyed with the acid dye. The chemical, physical and the dyeing properties of these poly (urethane-amide) copolymers are discussed.
From the experiment results, it is found that the inherent viscosity of poly(urethane-amide) copolymers is increased with the increasing amount of polyamide content. From experimental DSC measurement, it shows that the poly(urethane-amide) copolymers have two phase structures and good phase separation. There are four transition temperatures (Tgs, Tgh, Tms, and Tmh), but only the copolymers of PTMG2000 series possess Tms. Moreover, the Tgs is found to change with the length of soft segment, and the Tgh is increased with the increasing amount of polyamide content. Also , the dyed copolymers exhibit higher Tgh than those of without dyeing, but the Tgs is not obviously changed. From the mechanical properties, it indicates that the modulus and the strength of these poly(urethane-amide) copolymers are higher than those of traditional polyurethane, but they are lowered after dyed with dye molecule. On the contrary, the breaking elongation is found to increase after dyeing. For the dyeing properties, the dye-uptake is found to increase with the increasing amount of polyamide content. Also, from the dye-fastness test, the dyed copolymers exhibit higher grade of water-fastness.

並列關鍵字

Polyurethane ； Acid dye ； Poly(urethane-amide)