中共對台操作「輿論戰」之研究

A Study of China's Public Opinion Warfare towards Taiwan

洪銘德(Ming-Te Hung) ； 黃恩浩(Paul A. Huang)

《復興崗學報》 117期 (2020/12) Pp. 113-146

摘要

為了因應現代化作戰環境改變，在觀察美國於伊拉克戰場中以資訊科技為核心所進行的「三戰」後，中共重新檢視資訊作戰或資訊科技發展對其政治工作的影響，並將「三戰」視為其政治工作結合與發揮軍事作戰功能的核心戰法。其中，中共對台發動輿論戰的主要目的，除了有助於爭取國際輿論支持，在國際社會上孤立台灣外；更利於製造台灣內部動亂，讓民眾對政府失去信心外，同時並塑造對中共有利之價值觀，促使台灣社會越來越向中共靠攏。本文的主要目的為分析說明近期中共對台輿論戰作為，首先說明輿論戰的定義，以做為瞭解中共對台實施輿論戰之基礎。其次，分別針對中共中央台灣工作辦公室、國務院台灣事務辦公室、統戰部、中宣部等單位進行說明，以利於對中共相關負責對台發動輿論戰之單位有所瞭解。再次，說明中共對台輿論戰常用的策略，並透過實際案例佐證近期中共對台所操作之輿論戰。

關鍵字

三戰 ； 輿論戰 ； 統戰工作 ； 大眾媒體

並列摘要

In response to the transformation of the conflict environment and after noting that the United States' ＂Three Warfare＂ centered on information technology in the Iraq battlefield, the PRC re-examined the implications of its information warfare and technological development on political tasks. The ＂Three Warfare＂ is considered by the PRC as its dominant tactic for operating political tasks. As such, China's public opinion war against Taiwan has two overarching goals. First, the PRC seeks the supports from the international community and aims to isolate Taiwan from the world. Second, the PRC attempts to instigate chaos within Taiwan, with the aim of letting public lose confidence in the government while establishing favorable views toward the PRC, which in turn pushes Taiwanese society to be more inclined to the PRC. The main purpose of this article focused on the PRC's public opinion war against Taiwan in recent years and discussed the definition of public opinion war in the first place. Then, the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council and the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee were introduced to facilitate understanding of the relevant units responsible for the PRC's public opinion war against Taiwan. Lastly, China's common tactics for carrying out the public opinion war were illustrated and the actual cases were also elaborated to show the PRC's operations.

並列關鍵字

Three warfare ； Public opinion warfare ； United front works ； Mass media