金正恩時期的北韓政府體系之研究－以內部體系變遷為中心－

The Study of North Korea Government System in Kim Jong-un's Era: A Focus of Internal System Changes

林志豪(Chih-Hao Lin)

《復興崗學報》 118期 (2021/06) Pp. 23-55

摘要

本文針對金正恩時期的北韓內部體系變遷作為主要的分析重點，金正恩至今已召開第7屆和第8黨大會黨大會，本文試以勞動黨大會作為時間點，整理金正恩至今對於北韓黨－政－軍體系的改革，以及他在黨內的地位變化作為本文主要分析的重點。並分成三個階段，第一階段是2016年黨第七次大會之前，第二階段是黨第八次大會之前，第三階段則是黨第八次大會之後至今。今年正逢金正恩執政第十週年，對於北韓來說，這是相當重要的新階段，也是金正恩執政至今的重要里程碑。北韓在至今所有的對外政策當中，皆充分地反映出北韓內政體系的變動，內政因素可以說是佔了當大的比例，不論是飛彈試射以及核武試驗，都是以創造外部危機來凝聚內部的團結。北韓試圖轉型為「正常社會主義國家」，但是實際上是仍是以主體思想為核心理念的威權國家，在金正恩的體系改革過程當中，組織結構的變化和人事變動都會成為對外政策變化因素之一，由於北韓內部資訊和官方文獻取得困難，本文僅以有限的北韓官方資料和韓國的北韓問題研究作為主要參考依據，以文獻研究的方式，整理並分析金正恩這段時期的施政特徵和變遷過程。

關鍵字

金正恩 ； 北韓 ； 朝鮮 ； 核武 ； 勞動黨

並列摘要

This article focused on the changes in DPRK (North Korea) internal system during the Kim Jong-un period, especially after Kim Jong-un held the 7th and 8th Worker's Party congresses. He made a lot of political system reforms to save his position in the Worker's Party. This article sought to make an analyzed model to understand Kim Jung-Un leadership in DPRK government and worker's party which includes three stages. The first stage is before 7th party congress in 2016, the second stage is before the 8th party congress, and the third stage is after the 8th party congress till now. This year (2021) is the 10th anniversary of Kim Jong-un's administration. It is an important and newest stage for DPRK and an important milestone for Kim Jong-un's administration. Thus far, the North Korea's foreign policies have fully reflected the changes in DPRK's internal political system. They often create external crises such as nuclear test or long-range missile launching test to consolidate the internal affairs. Currently, North Korea is trying to transform into a ＂normal socialist country,＂ but DPRK is still an authoritarian country with the main ideology (i.e., Juche Idea) at its core. In the process of Kim Jong-un's system reforms, the organizational structure and personnel changes will become factors influencing it foreign policies. Due to the difficulty to get internal information and official documents form DPRK. This article tried to use limited official North Korea data and the report of the ＂North Korean Studies＂ from ROK as the main reference, and employed the document research method to sort out and analyze Kim Jong-un's governance characteristics and changes during this period.

並列關鍵字

North Korea ； DPRK ； Kim Jong-un ； Workers' Party of Korea