地理資訊系統在礦區環境經營管理上之應用潛力

The Capability of a GIS as Applied to the Environmental Management of Mining Areas

劉進金(Jin-King Liu)

《鑛冶：中國鑛冶工程學會會刊》 33卷2期 (1989/06) Pp. 98-107

https://doi.org/10.30069/MM.198906_33(2).0010

摘要

礦區環境有關的主要參數，例如：地形、地質、土壤、水系、礦床分佈、礦區設施配置、採礦進行狀況、土地利用等等，基本上與地理或空間的位置有關。這種資料稱作地理資訊資料。一個電腦化的地理資訊系統主要的功能便是利用現代的電腦科技，快速有效的來管理、分析、與處理這種資料，並且可以繪製相關的圖幅。本文由一般的資訊系統的特性與功能逐步闡釋，以導至對一個完整的「礦區環境地理資訊系統」之相關問題的剖析，包括這系統所應具備的軟、硬體配備與功能。文中特別指出決定這種系統功能的主要關鍵是電腦資料庫。整個系統的成敗常因資料庫是否事先有良好的設計而定。結論指出：電腦化的資源資料經營方式將是未來必然的趨勢，我國才開始要走上這條路，應在電腦資料庫的建立上更加慎重，期望這種最新的科技能有助於國内礦區環境的經營與管理。

並列摘要

There are three major categories of parameters which are relevant to the environment of a mining area, e.g. (1) those related with the contamination of environmental ingredients such as air, water, soil, ground vibration, noise, and ground subsidence; (2) those related with natural ecology and physiographic, hydrologic, or ecologic nature; (3) those related with the impact of social-economic environment such as social activities, landscape or recreation areas, or achaeological reserves. Basically, the attributes of the raw data of these parameters include spatial locations. That is, they take places somewhere on earth. These data can be manipulated in a modern computer system to gain an efficient and effective result of analyses and processing. Such a system is known as a Geographic Information System (e.g. GIS). The basic problems and capabilities of a GIS in terms of its application on the environmental management of mining areas are discussed in this paper.