工業用X光探傷之影像處理

Development of An Image Processing System For Industrial X-Ray Detectors

李驊登(Hwa-Teng Lee) ； 楊坤元(Kun-Yuan Yang) ； 薛淦浩(Gan-How Shaue) ； 葉汶(Uen Yeh)

《鑛冶：中國鑛冶工程學會會刊》 37卷3期 (1993/09) Pp. 91-100

摘要

本研究結合電腦化影像處理技術，與工業用X光金屬探傷之檢測，使射線檢測所得之缺陷、裂紋之影像能夠透過電腦影像處理加以自動判定與定量分析以達量測準確、快速並彌補事業判別經驗不足之缺憾。研究上就缺陷檢測原理，結合電腦化影像處理技術，逐步研究發展出一套〝自動量測系統＂以及結合數位板使用之〝半自動量測系統＂。首先利用介面將X光探傷機所探測到的缺陷直接輸入電腦，或將X光底片之影像藉由攝影機傳輸到介面，輸入電腦，經數位化處理之後轉成黑白影像呈現於螢幕上，然後以C語言自行設計撰寫程式，將影像作加強對比、二元化處理、消除雜訊、消減及擴張等處理，而後進行體積率、面積、長度及周長等之定量量測分析，最後並結合ASTM規範進行歸納與判讀，程式之設計採對答式，利用特微歸類，試行將人人工判讀轉變為電腦判讀方式。系統設計同時允許影像來源為圖片或照片，此時則利用數位板進行半自動量測。此外，半自動量測系統並可作為自動量測所得結果之驗證工作。如此則完成一完整之X光探傷電腦化檢測系統。

並列摘要

Image processing and computer technique are used to develope an automatic measuring and analysing system for X-ray detectors. Images of flaws and defects in the metallic samples can then be automatically analysed and evaluated precisely. With the use of image processing technique, the image received from the CCD camera is digitalized and converted into an image composed of pixels with different gray level and then displayed on the screen. Those processing techniques including contrast enhancing, bitonalizing, noise filtering, erode and dilate.etc. are proceeded with self-designed program which is written with C language. After that, the automatic quantitative measurement is employed to obtain the value of the length, area, shape factor and particle size distribution of the defect. Finally, classification and comparison with the ASTM standard is carried out to give the result. The designed system also allows picture or negative as the source of image input, where the plate of digitizer is used. The measurement is accomplished with semiautomatic measuring program with which the defects can be evaluated with the same procedure. This allows a mutual double check to be made.