CSCB轉爐製程生產不銹鋼之技術開發

Development of CSCB BOF Process for Stainless Steelmaking

蔣士宜(Shyh-Yi Chiang) ； 林巖騫(Yan-Chian Lin) ； 楊奇明(Chi-Ming Yang) ； 周聖志(Sun-Ju Chou) ； 王煥文(Huan-Wen Wang) ； 周文賢(Wen-Hsien Chou)

《鑛冶：中國鑛冶工程學會會刊》 41卷1期 (1997/03) Pp. 33-42

https://doi.org/10.30069/MM.199703_41(1).0003

摘要

本研究開發出先進的CSCB（China Steel Combined Blowing）頂底複合吹煉轉爐製程，已成功地量產不鏽鋼。此製程除了達成傳統AOD爐必要的促進脫碳與抑制鉻元素氧化等基本功能外，並開發熱補償技術，以取代傳統電爐的升溫熔煉功能。為了研發此一不用電爐與AOD爐，且適合一貫作業鋼廠的不鏽鋼煉鋼製程，先後以自行設立的1噸級實驗轉爐，與自行改造完成的120噸級生產轉爐，確立了頂加塊狀焦炭的熱補償技術，有效提升轉爐內金屬液的溫度，以熔解大量廢鋼、合金和造渣劑的添加；在吹氧脫碳期結束，鋼液溫度可高達1700℃以上。此外，亦建立了單支吹氧管的頂吹技術，免除了耗力的雙支吹氧管作業；並且能順利控制氧化期各階段的氧氣脫碳效率，以減少鉻元素的氧化。又同時改善底吹技術，不但大幅降低底吹品件的熔損速率，增長其使用壽命外；也穩定提升爐渣的還原作用，獲得很好的脫硫效果與合金回收率。藉由上述熱補償技術與頂底吹技術所發展出來的CSCB轉爐製程，已於85年度產製約10萬噸的不鏽鋼，包括304、316與430等鋼種，使中鋼公司產品跨入了高合金鋼的領域，達到產品多樣化與提高營業額等目的。

關鍵字

轉爐 ； 頂底複合吹煉 ； 脫碳 ； 還原 ； 造渣劑 ； 氧化 ； 脫硫

並列摘要

Stainless steels including AISI306, 316 and 430 grades have been successfully mass-produced by CSCB (China Steel Combined Blowing) BOF (Basic Oxygen Furnace) process with the use of dephosphorized hot metal from blast furnace. The functions of melting, decarburization and Cr-reduction which are traditionally achieved by EAF (Electric Arc Furnace) and AOD (Argon Oxygen Decarburization) furnace have been smoothly substituted with this process. Both a self-constructed experimental BOF of 1-metric ton capacity and a self-revamped BOF of 120-metric ton capacity were applied to develop CSCB process. Large amount of alloys, scrap and fluxes could be effectively melted in CSCB BOF by the top addition of lumpy coke to solve the problem of heat shortage. The temperature of liquid steel higher than 1700℃ at the end of oxygen blowing could be easily obtained. In addition, the oxygen efficiency for carbon removal was well controlled by single lance top-blowing so as to decrease Cr oxidation. Meanwhile, not only desulfurization and alloy recovery but also the lining life of exchangeable bottom were obviously improved due to the optimization of bottom-blowing operation.

並列關鍵字

OBF ； Combined Blowing ； Decarburization ； Reduction ； Fluxes ； Oxidation ； Desulfurization