生產油層岩石力學特性試驗及地層強度計算之研究

A Study of Rock Mechanical Properties and Formation Strengths of Production Reservoirs

徐明康(M.K.g Hsu) ； 朱冠諺(K.Y. Chu) ； 張孟哲(M.J. Chang) ； 劉博翔(P.H. Liu) ； 謝秉志(B.Z. Hsieh) ； 吳建宏(J.H. Wu) ； 沈建豪(C.H. Shen) ； 王建力(C.L. Wang)

《鑛冶：中國鑛冶工程學會會刊》 66卷2期 (2022/06) Pp. 20-39

https://doi.org/10.30069/MM.202206_66(2).02

摘要

本研究依據國外某礦區生產油層岩心及電測資料，進行岩石力學特性試驗以及出砂預測計算。本研究針對該生產油層之岩心進行岩石力學特性試驗。進行之試驗工作項目包括：超聲波檢測、單軸壓縮試驗、三軸試驗、巴西試驗、孔隙率以及滲透率量測。本研究利用同一礦區生產層區間內施測的各項電測記錄，包含：自然電位差電測（SP）、自然伽瑪電測（GR）、密度電測（FDC）、聲波電測（BHC）等，進行計算生產層區間內隨深度變化之自然伽馬指數、頁岩質體積含量、離散頁岩值指標、普松比、剪力模數以及容積壓縮比等力學特性參數，以及地層強度指標。本研究以地層強度公式為基礎來計算生產井之地層強度，並且依據計算結果來判斷可能造成出砂之區段。本研究計算生產井之地層強度，據以判斷可能造成出砂之區段。研究成果可作為該礦區之岩石力學基本資料庫以及後續地層出砂模式預測之參考依據。

關鍵字

岩石力學試驗 ； 三軸 ； 巴西 ； 電測 ； 地層強度 ； 出砂

並列摘要

The mechanical properties of the rock samples cored from three foreign oil reservoir sites were investigated in this study. These tests of rock mechanical properties include: ultrasonic testing, uniaxial compression test, tri-axial test, Brazilian test, porosity and permeability measurement. These experimental results of three sites were tabulated and discussed in this study. The predictions of sand production based on the data of in-situ electrical measurements were also calculated in this study. The records of electrical measurements include: natural potential difference (SP), natural gamma ray(GR), density (FDC), and acoustic wave (BHC). The natural gamma index, shale volume content, discrete shale value index, Poisson's ratio, shear modulus, volume compression ratio, and formation strength indices were calculated as a function of depths in each site. Finally, the strength indices of the formation were compared with empirical strength criteria established by Tixier et al. Therefore, the possible sections of sand production based on the empirical formula could be assessed. In conclusion, the formation strength of the production shaft was calculated to determine the zone of potential sand production. The results of the study can be used as a basic database of rock mechanics in the mine area and as a reference basis for predicting the pattern of sand outburst in subsequent formations.

並列關鍵字

Rock mechanics test ； triaxial ； Brazilian test ； electrical measurement ； formation strength ； sand production

參考文獻

R. Ulusay, J.A. Hudson, ‟The Complete ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Characterization, Testing and Monitoring: 1974-2006,” The ISRM Turkish National Group Ankara, Turkey, April, 2007.

R. Ulusay, ‟The Complete ISRM Suggested Methods for Rock Characterization, Testing and Monitoring: 2007-2014,” The ISRM Turkish National Group Ankara, Turkey, Augest, 2014.

M.P. Tixier, G.W. Loveless, and R.D. Anderson, ‟Estimation of Formation Strength from Mechanical-properties Log,” Journal of Petroleum Technology, March, 1975, pp.283-293.

Dresser Atlas (1979) Log Interpretation Charts. Houston Dresser Industries, Inc., p. 107.

O. Sharma, O. Arya, (2006) Formation strength estimation from well log data for sand cut analysis in Tapti–Daman area, Western Offshore Basin, India.