- 期刊
政治紀念地景的建構與衰落：國父史蹟館的個案研究
Construction and Languishment of Political Memorial Landscapes: A Case Study of the Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Memorial House
摘要
國父史蹟館設立時間早於國父紀念館與中正紀念堂二、三十年以上，提供了一個相當好的時代案例，使我們窺見國民黨黨國機器最初在臺推行孫中山紀念，由建構到衰落的過程。本文以地景作為文本的研究視角，利用歷史文獻分析法，還原史蹟館的地景生命史，並藉由館區內經常性的展示活動，討論其領袖紀念的方式與意涵。1946年11月史蹟館的籌建，名義上進行了國父史蹟保存，卻也造成紀念地景與空間破碎化，限制了往後空間紀念格局。這顯示出在1949年以前，國民黨臺灣省黨部對於以史蹟館作為孫中山紀念不甚重視的態度。1950年代陳列館的興建、國父行館的整修與碑亭新造，在空間中增添了更多黨國紀念符號。配合6個紀念日舉辦的經常性展示活動為其注入政治活水，在50、60年代不斷述說著國民黨視角下的中國近代史。1972年國父紀念館落成與1986年因鐵路地下化而遷建，使得史蹟館被閒置、挪用，進一步喪失了場址的脈絡性，回歸平凡文化產資。然其曾經在黨化教育上扮演的角色，在訴求轉型正義的今日，值得被銘記與省思。
並列摘要
The Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Memorial House, established two or three decades earlier than the Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hall or Chiang Kai-Shek Memorial Hall, may serve as an epochal case study in getting a glimpse of how the Kuomintang Party-state apparatuses initially promoted the commemoration of Sun Yat-sen from construction to decline. Accordingly, the purpose of this historical document analysis paper is to restore the life history of the Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Memorial House as a landscape and to discuss its means of leader commemoration and their meanings by examining its regular exhibitions. While the establishment of the Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Memorial House in November 1946 was nominally to preserve Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s legacy, it inevitably led to the fragmentation of the memorial landscape and space, consequently limiting its scope as a memorial space. The development of the Memorial House indicates that it was not taken seriously by the Taiwan Branch of the Kuomintang for commemoration of Dr. Sun Yat-sen. Many party-state symbols were increasingly added to the memorial space during the building of the galleries, renovation of the Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Guesthouse, and construction of the stele pavilion during the 1950s. In addition, regular exhibitions on six memorial days also infused the political source into the Memorial House. In the 1950s and 1960s, it described the modern Chinese history from the perspective of the Kuomintang. Owing to the completion of the Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hall in 1972 and the relocation of the Memorial House in 1986 due to the underground railway project, the Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Memorial House was left idle and misappropriated, further losing the context of the site and returning to ordinary cultural assets. However, in today's pursuit of transitional justice, its role in party-oriented education is worth remembering and reflecting on.
參考文獻
延伸閱讀
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