洋菇需水之生理研究　第一報　覆土霧狀噴灌式自動灌水裝置之設計及其利用效果

Study on the Water Relations in Mushrooms (Ⅰ) The Design of Refraction Spray Type Autoirrigation Installation and It's Utility in Mushroom Culture

陳淸義(Ching-Yik Chen) ； 韓又新(You-Hsin Han)

《中國園藝》 19卷5期 (1973/09) Pp. 308-312

摘要

以21kg/平方公分，1,000R.P.M，8ℯ/min的供水幫浦，配合灌水報信號部、信號接受部、電磁瓣及霧狀噴嘴作成之自動灌水裝置，經實驗證明適合於洋茹之灌水。利用此裝置獲知覆土含水量70%~80%（對最大容水量%）時産量最高，惟其效果僅出現於初期約一個月的時間，表示出茹初期，覆土含水量之多寡，有決定洋茹生産量的作用。

並列摘要

In order to understand the allowable methods to be used in the P.E. mushroom hut for the optimal water content of casing soil and autoirrigation of mushroom, a quantitive autospurting apparatus was designed for the time being and proceeded in irrigation with different amount of water. The partial results obtained are summarized as follows:
1. The autoirrigation apparatus designed by author is a superficial electro-spurting type. It consists of: (1) Electric motor: It is a high pressure pump (pressure 21 kg/cm^2, RPM 1000, absorbing liquid volume 8 L/min, HP 1). (2) Induction entity of soil moisture stress (S.M.S.): It is constructed by using Hg-tensiometer. (3) S.M.S. acceptance & response part: It accepts the electric current generated from the S.M.S. induction entity to operate the motor and proceeds in irrigation. (4) Water-irrigating control part: It is composed of the electric valves and the timer. It does prevent the excess in irrigation. (5) Water-spurting part.
2. The water content of casing soil is divided into four areas, i.e. 80, 70, 60 and 50% (percent to the maximum water holding capacity). Each area had six boxes. And every area kept the different water content itself mentioned above by means of electro-irrigation apparatus.
3. The yield in these four treatments is a weight of 437 kg (100%) in area 80%, 42.5 kg (97.2%) in area 70%, 37.2 kg (85.2%) in area 60% and 31.5 kg (72.2%) in area 50% respectively. It is obviously that the yield in area 80% is the highest among the four areas. But, that of in area 70% is extremely close to the top one.
4. As the production of mushroom is expressed by the numeration of fruiting body, it numbered 4819 (95%) in area 80%, as many as 5083 (100%) in area 70%, 4334 (85%) in area 60% and 3839 (76%) in area 50%. Apparently, that of in area 70% is more than the other ones.
5. In view of the yield of mushroom by weight and number, the water required by the casing soil seems to be that it is not right to keep on the water content below 70%.