- 期刊
台灣民宿經營效率之研究
The Study on Performance Efficiency of Taiwan's Homestay
摘要
本研究採用2009-2013年台灣127個鄉鎮民宿資料，以資料包絡分析法評估民宿之經營效率，並利用Tobit迴歸模型探討影響民宿經營效率的因素。研究結果發現：新竹縣五峰鄉及屏東縣牡丹鄉民宿為有效率單位；超過七成民宿在技術效率和純粹技術效率仍存在改善空間。其次，台灣民宿幾乎處於遞增規模報酬的狀態，可能因投入不足所致。此外，客房住用次數、餐飲與房間收入之比率、平均客房價格、非法與合法民宿房間數之比率對技術效率呈現顯著正向關係，但旅館與民宿收入之比率則呈現顯著負向關係。民宿業者為了提高經營效率，應該提升住宿服務的品質，才能增加客房住用次數。另外，業者應該掌握民宿小而美的經營哲學，妥善配置工作人員以及結合地方農業特產，提供優質服務以及特色餐飲，除了提高平均房間價，也增加收入來源。值得一提的是，非法民宿房間數與合法民宿房間數之比率正向影響效率值，顯示非法民宿居高的地區，存在著對合法民宿的高度需求。然而不少觀光資源豐富之地區，可能是水源特定區或山坡地，使得業者難以取得合法資格。因此建議中央政府劃定讓民宿經營的特定區域；地方政府依法取締非法民宿，以免造成過度發展而破壞生態環境。
並列摘要
The study aimed to analyze performance efficiency for home stay facilities industry at 127 towns in Taiwan by applying Data Envelopment Analysis and Tobit regression to the period of 2009 through 2013 annual survey data which were conducted by the Ministry of Transportation & Communication (Taiwan). The results showed that the most efficient units were Wufeng Township of Hsinchu County and Mudan Township in Pingtung County. However, there were more than 70% of study sample can improve their technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency. In addition, the homestay industry expressed in a state of increasing returns to scale which may resulted from insufficient inputs. Finally, number of guest rooms, ratio of revenue from meals and revenue from rooms, average price, and ratio of illegal homestay facilities to legal homestay facilities had significant positive impacts on technical efficiency, while ratio of revenue of hostel, and revenue of homestay facilities had significant negative impacts on technical efficiency of homestay. In order to improve operate efficiency, operators should improve the quality of services, and then increase the number of room occupancy. Operators should grasp the small and beautiful business philosophy, arrange staffs, combine local agricultural products, provide excellent services, and specialty dining. It is worth to mention that the ratio of illegal homestay and legal homestay rooms had significant positive impact on technical efficiency show that there is a high demand for legal homestay. However, many areas where tourism resources are abundant may be water-specific areas or hillside lands. It is difficult for operators to obtain legal qualifications. Therefore, it is suggested that Central government design a specific zone for homestay operators, therefore local government can implement penalty on illegal homestay to avoid over-development and destroy ecological environment.