添加物及原料配方對擠壓緩衝產品理化特性之研究

The Study of Additives and Feed Composition on Physiacl and Chemical Properties of Lloose-fill Extrudates

李卓曄(Cho-Yeh Lee) ； 彭錦樵(Jin-Chyau Peng) ； 莊世昌(Shr-Chang Juang) ； 蕭世傑(Shi-Jie Hsiao)

《農林學報》 49卷1期 (2000/03) Pp. 55-73

https://doi.org/10.30089/JAF.200003.0005

摘要

本研究以飼料玉米粉為主原料，聚乙烯醇(PVA)為副原料，添加碳酸鈣、尿素及二氧化矽，依添加物種類共分三組，每組且均為3×3複因子設計。探討加工參數（聚乙烯醇在飼料玉米粉之比例、添加物添加比例）對各組擠壓產品之物理性狀（膨發直徑、徑向膨發率、縱向膨發率、假密度）、化學性狀（水溶性指標及吸水性指標）之影響。
實驗結果顯示：PVA添加比例及碳酸鈣添加比例對產品的物理性狀影響較大。PVA添加比例應該維持在30%，添加碳酸鈣的比例維持在0.6%，可以得到較好之包裝緩衝產品。添加二氧化矽時，產品膨發直徑及徑向膨發率下降，縱向膨發則增加。添加尿素比例達0.3%以上時，膨發直徑及徑向膨發率均較不添加尿素時有顯著差異，碳酸鈣、二氧化矽及尿素添加比例對產品之化學性狀（水浴性指標及吸水性指標）均無顯著之影響。

並列摘要

The feed corn and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used as the main ingredient in this study. The different additives such as calcium carbonate, silicon dioxide and urea were also used. Three separate 3×3 experiments were design. The effects of process variables (the ratio of PVA to corn grit and the ratio of additives) on extrudate's physical properties (expansion diameter, radial expansion, longitudial expansion, bulk density), chemical properties (water solubility index, water absorption index,) were investigated.
Experimental results indicated that PVA ratio at 30%, and calcium carbonate ratio at 0.6% had significant effects on the physical properties of extrudates. The expansion diameter and radial expansion ratio decreased and the longitudinal expansion increased while the silicon dioxide ratio was adding. There were significantly different of expansion diameter and radial expansion ratio between the urea ratio were 0.3% and 0%. The effects of calcium carbonate ratio, silicon dioxide ratio and urea ratio on chemical properties were not significantly different.

並列關鍵字

Feed corn ； polyvinyl alcohol ； calcium carbonate ； silicon dioxide ； urea