原料配方對擠壓緩衝產品機械特性之影響

Effects of Feed Compositions on Mechanical Properties of Loose-Fill Extrudates

莊世昌(Shu-Chang Juang) ； 彭錦樵(Jin-Chyau Peng) ； 宋國祥(Guo-Shiang Sung) ； 戴思雯(Si-Wen Dai)

《農林學報》 49卷2期 (2000/06) Pp. 1-15

https://doi.org/10.30089/JAF.200006.0001

摘要

本實驗是利用單軸擠壓機，以食用玉米粉為主原料，添加不同比例之聚乙烯醇(PVA)、氫氧化鈣(Ca(OH)2)和尿素(Urea)，使用三變數五層級的反應曲面法之中心組合旋轉設計，分別探討原料配方（PVA、氫氧化鈣與尿素的添加比例）對擠壓產品之機械特性（壓縮性、彈性指數）之影響。
實驗結果顯示：
產品壓縮性會隨PVA、氫氧化鈣添加比例的增加而有下降之趨勢。尿素的添加會促使產品之壓縮性有先下降後上升的趨勢。產品彈性指數隨PVA及氫氧化鈣添加比例增加而有先上升後下降之趨勢。且當氮氧化鈣添加比例在5.5%~6.5%時，產品有最高之彈性指數。尿素對彈性指數沒有顯著影響。若要得到較低的壓縮性及較高的彈性指數，原料配方應選擇的PVA添加比例為20%以上，氫氧化鈣添加比例為6%~6.5%間，以及尿素添加比例為0.6%~0.7%間。

關鍵字

聚乙烯醇PVA ； 氫氧化鈣 ； 尿素

並列摘要

The com grit was used as the raw material in a single-screw extruder to study the effects of feed compositions on mechanical properties of loose-fill extrudates. The response surface methodology with three variables and five levels was used as the experimental design. The process variables were the ratios of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Ca1cium hydroxide (Ca(OH2)), and urea. The extrudate's mechanical properties such as compressibility, spring index were investigated.
Experimental results indicated that:
The extrudate's compressibility decreased with increasing the PV A and Ca(OH)2 ratios. However, the compressibi1ity decreased first and increased gradually as increasing the urea ratio. The extrudat's spring index increased first and decreased gradually as increasing PV A and Ca(OH)2 ratios. Urea had no significant effect on the spring index. The best feed compositions for low compressibility and high spring index of loose-fill extrudates were at more than 20% PVA ratio, 5.5%~6.5% Ca(OH)2 ratio, and 0.6%~0.7% urea ratio.

並列關鍵字

PVA ； Calcium hydroxide ； Urea