太空包低溫貯藏糙米特性研究

The Study on Stored Characters of Brown Rice in Cold Storage

劉虹宜(Hung-I Liu) ； 盛中德(Chung-The Sheng) ； 李敏豪(Min-How Lee)

《農林學報》 51卷4期 (2002/12) Pp. 47-64

https://doi.org/10.30089/JAF.200212.0005

摘要

本研究主要在探討鋼筋水泥平倉，配合增設的冷藏系統，進行太空包包裝糙米貯藏試驗，目的在探討平倉冷藏之作業特性貯米之品質變化。本研究材料糙米分別由三個農會提供，除平倉實驗外，同時利用冷藏櫃進行精密的糙米冷藏實驗，以求得較穩定條件糙米貯藏條件，冷藏櫃之設定冷藏條件為溫度15℃及相對濕度80%。冷藏期間長期量測倉內溫濕度變化與糙米穀溫的變化，並且每十天定期取樣，量測取樣糙米之含水率、碾米率及發芽率之變化。
試驗結果顯示，水汴頭平倉方面：冷空氣溫度在夏季時平均約21℃，空氣相對濕度則偏低，平均約為55%，在此貯藏條件下，糙米於貯藏期有失水現象。在貯藏初期糙米含水率、發芽率皆有下降的情形，碾米率則變化不明顯。興大冷藏櫃之空間較小，較易維持均溫與均濕，因此貯存期間空氣維持在15℃左右，但因冷藏溫度較水汴頭倉庫低，貯藏期間糙米碾米率變化並不明顯，而平均含水率隨冷藏時間的增加略有上升，糙米發芽率則變化不明顯，綜合本次試驗結果可知，即適當的低溫與濕度可提高貯穀的品質。

關鍵字

太空包 ； 糙米 ； 冷藏

並列摘要

This study used a concrete storehouse, as a flat bin, equipped with refrigeration system to store bulk-packed brown rice. The purpose was to measure and analyze the environmental conditions and the quality of brown rice in the flat bin applied with refrigeration system by monitoring its temperature and humidity. The brown rice stored in the flat bin came from three different farmer associations; while a relative test was set up with a small bin for more precise environmental control. The small bin temperature was set at 15℃ and the relative humidity was 80%. During storage, changes of temperature, humidity in the air and temperature and moisture content of brown rice were taken regularly.
In flat bin, the average temperature in the summer was around 21℃, and the relative humidity was 55%. Under this storage condition, it took about 20 days for the temperature inside the bulk bag to reach balance, and the difference of the rates of temperature variation in each areas in the flat bin was very small. In the beginning of storage, the moisture content and germination rate decreased but changes of milling rate was not obvious. In the small bin, because of its small space,. the temperature stayed steadily at 15℃ during storage. However, with a lower temperature, it took about 2 months for the temperature inside the bulk bag to reach balance. During storage, changes of milling rate was not obvious, while average moisture content raised with the storage time. Moreover, the germination rate stayed the same that indicated that low temperature and proper humidity could ensure the germination rate of stored rice.

並列關鍵字

Bulk bag ； Brown rice ； Cold storage