惠蓀森林遊樂區中大型哺乳動物及鳥類調查

Survey of Medium to Large Mammals and Birds in Hui-Sun Forest Recreation Area

陳相伶(Hsiang Ling Chen) ； 蘇愉婷(Yu Ting Su) ； 王晴萱(Ching Hsuan Wang) ； 潘玉潔(Yu-Chieh Pan)

《農林學報》 67卷4期 (2020/12) Pp. 273-287

https://doi.org/10.30089/JAF.202012_67(4).0005

摘要

本研究利用紅外線自動照相機與定點記數法，針對惠蓀森林遊樂區的哺乳動物及鳥類進行調查。從2018年4月20日至12月15日止，於17個相機點位共記錄到5目8科9種哺乳類，分別為食蟹獴（Herpestes urva formosanus）、鼬獾（Melogale moschata subaurantiaca）、臺灣獼猴（Macaca cyclopis）、山羌（Muntiacus reevesi micrurus）、赤腹松鼠（Callosciurus erythraeus thaiwanensis）、臺灣野豬（Sus scrofa taivanus）、臺灣野山羊（Capricornis swinhoei）、臺灣穿山甲（Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla）、白鼻心（Paguma larvata taivana）。調查結果顯示遊樂區中以臺灣獼猴與山羌出現的頻度較高，每個相機點皆有紀錄；最少出現的物種為臺灣野山羊與白鼻心，僅在兩個相機點記錄到。各相機樣點中大型哺乳動物平均的物種豐富度為5種，研習中心和巨松臺步道出現的物種豐富度（7種）最高，會議中心的物種豐富度最低，僅記錄到臺灣獼猴與山羌。自動照相機並紀錄到3目3科5種鳥類，包括藍腹鷴（Lophura swinhoii）、臺灣山鷓鴣（Arborophila crudigularis）、臺灣竹雞（Bambusicola sonorivox）、臺灣藍鵲（Urocissa caerulea）和黑冠麻鷺（Gorsachius melanolophus）。其中以藍腹鷴在全區的出現頻度為最高。本研究於2018年4,7,10,12月在15個樣點各進行一次鳥類調查，共記錄28科59種鳥類，其中特有種與特有亞種鳥類相加佔所有紀錄鳥種接近6成，全年度的優勢物種為紅嘴黑鵯（Hypsipetes leucocephalus）和繡眼畫眉（Alcippe morrisonia）。鳥類物種多樣性最高的樣點位於研習中心、會議中心和山茶巷。結果顯示，惠蓀森林遊樂區全區皆有野生動物活動，且活動頻繁之地點與遊憩區步道和設施十分接近，建議可在園區內遊客較常停留的區域如研習中心內設置動物解說看板，增進民眾對於動物之了解。

關鍵字

森林遊樂區 ； 動物相調查 ； 紅外線自動照相機 ； 出現頻度

並列摘要

In this study, we used camera traps and point count to survey medium to large mammals and birds in Huisun Forest Recreation Area. From April 20^(th) to December 15^(th) in 2018, we recorded 9 species of medium to large mammals at 17 camera traps, including Formosan crab-eating mongoose (Herpestes urva formosanus), Formosan ferret-badger (Melogale moschata subaurantiaca), Formosan Reeve's muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi micrurus), Formosan red-bellied squirrel (Callosciurus erythraeus thaiwanensis), Formosan serow (Capricornis swinhoei), Formosan macaque (Macaca cyclopis), Formosan masked palm civet (Paguma larvata taivana), Formosan wild boar (Sus scrofa taivanus), and Formosan pangolin (Manis pentadactyla pentadactyla). The most common species in the forest station were Formosan macaque and Formosan Reeve's muntjac. The two species were recorded at all camera traps. The least common species were Formosan serow and Formosan masked palm civet, which were only recorded at two camera traps. The average species richness at a camera site was five species. Species richness was highest at the education center and Giant pine trail (n=9), and was lowest at the conference center (n=2). We also detected five species of medium to large birds, including Swinhoe's pheasant (Lophura swinhoii), Taiwan partridge (Arborophila crudigularis), Taiwan bamboo-partridge (Bambusicola sonorivox), Taiwan blue-magpie (Urocissa caerulea) and Malayan night heron (Gorsachius melanolophus). Among the five species, Swinhoe's pheasant was the most common, which was detected at 14 of 17 camera sites. We conducted point count survey of birds at 15 sites in April, July, October, and December, 2018. We recorded 28 families, 59 species of birds, with 60% of species are endemic. The dominate species across seasons were Black bulbul (Hypsipetes leucocephalus) and Grey-cheeked fulvetta (Alcippe morrisonia). Species diversity of birds were high at the education center, the conference center, and the Camellia Lane. Our study suggests that wildlife is active through the entire recreation area. We suggest to further monitor the effects of human activities on wildlife and display information about the wildlife in the forest station at the education center.

並列關鍵字

forest recreation ； wildlife survey ； camera trap ； occurrence index