大學技術授權與智慧財產運用趨勢分析－以中興大學為例

The Analysis of Trends for University Technology Transfer and Use of Intellectual Property-Using the NCHU as an Example

趙俊凱(Chun-Kai Chao) ； 蘇宜成(Yi-Chen Su)

《農林學報》 68卷3期 (2021/09) Pp. 157-167

https://doi.org/10.30089/JAF.202109_68(3).0003

摘要

智慧財產權本身僅能排除他人實施，尚無法營利，需藉由實施、甚至技術授權、移轉，方有獲利的可能性。本研究以中興大學為例，針對專利之產出與技術移轉授權情況進行一多面向的系統性分析，並且就校際間技轉之比較進行初步的研究，以了解大學智慧財產運用與技術授權之趨勢。分析結果顯示中興大學研究領域可能過於分散，如能適度整合選定數個焦點領域，環繞該領域進行相關研發，將有助強化專利布局。該校技轉權利金收入自2015、2016年達到高峰後，2017年顯著減少，惟科技基本法自2017年修正公布，且科技部價創計畫鼓勵大學教師團隊成立新創公司，大學得以收取新創公司股權代替技轉權利金，因此年度權利金收入恐怕將不足以真實反映大學技轉績效。值得注意的是興大技轉主要智財形式為know-how，而非專利，顯示研究人員對於其研究成果較傾向以know-how形式進行保護、或是其研發成果性質不適合以專利保護，以保密方式維護較符合成本效益。校際比較則顯示大學專任教師人數、研究經費與發明專利獲證數三項因素與權利金收入呈現正相關，但技轉辦公室員額則與權利金收入無明顯相關，此與國外觀察到的現象不同。

關鍵字

大學 ； 授權 ； 技術移轉 ； 專利 ； 權利金

並列摘要

Intellectual property rights provide the owner with the right to exclude others from using the subject. It relies on practice, licensing or technology transfer to generate profit. This study used the National Chung Hsing University (NCHU) as an example to analyze the output of patents and technology licensing from various aspects. This study also compare technology transfer among universities to understand the trends and practice of universities in Taiwan. We found that the research areas of the NCHU may have been too scattered. It would help to enhance the strength of patents if the research is more focused on a few selected areas. The annual royalty fees received by the NCHU reached the highest point in 2015 and 2016. Then the income significantly decreased in 2017. In the same year, the Ministry of Science and Technology revised the Fundamental Science and Technology Act and awarded grants to encourage university spin-off. The university could receive equity from the startup rather than charging licensing fees in exchange for technology transfer. Therefore it may not be feasible to continue using annual monetary income to evaluate the efficacy of university technology transfer. It is worth noting that more than half of the NCHU's licensing were in the form of know-how, rather than patents. It indicates that the researchers at the NCHU have a preference of protecting their research results by maintaining secrecy or the research results are more suitable to protect as know-how. The comparison among universities showed that the number of full-time faculty, the amount of research funding and the number of patent grants are positively correlated with the royalty fees received by a university. Unlike studies conducted in other countries, the number of staff at the office of technology transfer is not correlated with the royalty fees that a university received.

並列關鍵字

university ； licensing ； technology transfer ； patent ； royalty fee