鉀鹽處理桂竹製造粉狀活性碳之研究

Manufacturing Powder Activated Carbon from Makino Bamboo through Processing with Potassium Salts

林曉洪(Sheau-Horng Lin) ； 吳錦泉(Chin-Chuan Wu) ； 蔡易霖(I-Lin Tsai)

《中華林學季刊》 40卷1期 (2007/03) Pp. 81-95

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200703.0007

摘要

本研究以國產經濟竹種－桂竹為原料，磨成粉狀，取40/60篩網粒徑者為試料。以三種重量比鉀離子濃度(3.0、4.5、6.0%)之KNO3、K3PO4、K2CO3進行活化後，再經三種活化溫度(400、600、800℃)，持溫2hr等炭化條件製造粉狀活性碳，探討處理條件對桂竹活性碳品質之影響。活化溫度400℃之活性碳，精製收率最佳(28.0%)，600℃(26.0%)與800℃(21.7%)兩者收率無顯著差異。藥劑濃度較低之3.0%可得較佳之精製收率(27.3%)。惟3.0%與4.5%(24.9%)及4.5%、6.0%(23.5%)兩兩間無顯著差異。活化溫度800℃時，活性碳之BET比表面積特優(838平方公尺/g)，惟600℃(96.2平方公尺/g)與400℃(71.4平方公尺/g)兩者間無顯著差異。所有處理條件中，比表面積最佳者(1302平方公尺/g)得自6% KNO3活化處理及800℃活化溫度。活性碳之微孔隙體積，以活化溫度800℃處理者(0.066mL/g)最佳，600℃(0.031mL/g)與400℃(0.016mL/g)間無顯著差異。藥劑則以K3PO4(0.067mL/g)遠優於K2CO3(0.025mL/g)及KNO3(0.021mL/g)，惟後兩者間無顯著差異。活性碳之碳元素重量百分比，亦以活化溫度800℃者(84.3%)較佳，800℃與600℃(81.7%)及600℃與400℃(80.1%)兩兩間亦無顯著差異。以K2CO3所得碳元素重量百分比(85.6%)優於KNO3(80.1%)及K3PO4(79.2%)之結果。惟後兩者間無顯著差異。研究顯示，桂竹經適當活化及碳化處理後，適合製造高附加價值之活性碳

關鍵字

BET比表面積 ； 化學活化 ； 桂竹 ； 鉀鹽 ； 粉狀活性碳

並列摘要

Makino bamboo, one of the six economic bamboo species grown in Taiwan, was collected and processed with three salts (KNO3, K3PO4 and K2CO3) at three different potassium weight percentages (3.0, 4.5 and 6.0%) to investigate the combined effects of these solutions and various activation treatments on the properties of the powder activated bamboo carbon (PABC). After dipping or impregnation in these solutions, bamboo powder (those at 40/60 screens) was activated at 400, 600, or 800℃ for 2 hours to produce PABC with various yields, micropores and BET specific surface area. The refined yields for activated carbon (28.0% to 21.7%) decreased with increasing activation temperatures (400~800℃). Among three potassium salts used, nitrate treatment gave the lowest yield (23.6%). The BET specific surface area for the activated carbon increased with increasing activation temperature: its combination with the treatment of potassium nitrate solution provided the highest BET value (1302 m^2/g). The micropore volume in PABC increased with increasing concentration of the potassium salts and K3PO4 was the best choice. Bamboo powder treated with K2CO3 gained the highest carbon weight percentage especially when 800℃ was applied. These results clearly showed that Makino bamboo is very suitable for the manufacturing of high value-added activated carbon when optimum activation condition is applied.

並列關鍵字

BET specific surface area ； Chemical activation ； Makino bamboo ； Potassium salts ； Powder Activated carbon PAC