臺灣恆春半島東側海岸植群生態之研究

Vegetation Ecology of Eastern Coast in Hengchun Peninsula of Taiwan

葉慶龍(Ching-Long Yeh) ； 陳承隆(Chin-Lung Chen)

《中華林學季刊》 40卷4期 (2007/12) Pp. 447-458

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.200712.0001

摘要

本研究範圍從屏東縣塔瓦溪南側到滿州鄉的溪仔口溪南岸間，於狹窄的海岸滿潮線以西及第一條稜線以東設置37個樣區，觀測19個環境因子，利用降趨對應分析與雙向指標種分析解釋植群與環境間的關係。植群調查結果顯示樣區內維管束植物共有106科400種，其中蕨類植物有13科28種，裸子植物有1科1種，雙子葉植物有78科297種，單子葉植物有14科74種。此區域稀有植物有29種以上，其中竹柏屬嚴重瀕臨滅絕種，鹵蕨及福木為瀕臨絕滅種。草本及灌木植群分佈受到離海距、海拔、地形、坡度、含石率及土壤酸鹼度、有機質、鈣、鎂、錳等主要環境因子之影響，喬木植群則是受到離海距、海拔、地形、全天光空域及土壤之酸鹼度、鈣、電導度等主要環境因子之影響。按雙向指標種分析法可將草本及灌木植群分為4型即1.白茅－台灣海棗型2.林投型3.海埔姜型4.水芫花－乾溝飄拂草型，喬木植群型分為2型即1.白榕－血桐型2.珊瑚樹型。

關鍵字

植群生態 ； 降趨對應分析 ； 雙向指標種分析

並列摘要

The study area were from the border between Pingtung and Taitung County, River Tawa and Shitsikou, between the narrow seashore of the high-water mark and the first mountain crest line. A total of 37 plots and 19 environmental factors have been investigated and assessed. The correlation between plots and environmental factors were analyzed by Detrended correspondence analysis (DCA), and plant classification by two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) of the multivariate analysis method. The aim of this study was to find the significant factors to explain the relationships between species composition and environmental variables. There wrer 106 families and 400 species of vascular plant, including 13 families and 28 species of Pteridophyte, and 1 families and 1 species of Gymnospermae, 78 families and 297 species of Dicotyledon, and 14 families and 74 species of Monocotyledon. There were more than 29 rare plant species. Nageia nagi (Thunb.) O. Ktze. Is a seriously endangered species. Acrostichum aureum L. and Garcinia multiflora Champ are endangered species. The major environmental factors affecting the distribution of herbs and shrubs were distance to the seashore, altitude, topographys, slope, stoniness of soil and the soil pH, Ca, Mg, Mn etc; while the woody plants were distance to the seashore, altitude, topographys, whole sky light space and the soil pH, Ca, Cond., etc.
Classification based on the TWINSPAN resulted in 4 vegetaion types of herbs and shrubs, they were: 1. Phoenix hanceana-Imperata cylindrica type. 2. Pandanus odoratissimus type. 3. Vitex rotundifolia type. 4. Pemphis acidula.-Fimbristylis cymosa type. In 2 vegetaion types of trees, they were: 1. Ficus benjamin-Macaranga tanarius type. 2. Viburnum odoratissimum type.

並列關鍵字

Vegetation ecology ； Detrended correspondence analysis ； Two-way indicator species analysis