土肉桂幼苗與成木之頂芽及節莖的微體繁殖

Micropropagation of Juvenile and Mature Cinnamomum Osmophloeum Plants from Shoot Tip and Nodal Stem Explants

張淑華(Shu-Hwa Chang) ； 蔡錦瑩(Jeen-Yin Tsay) ； 許原瑞(Yen-Ray Hsiu) ； 何政坤(Cheng-Kuen Ho)

《中華林學季刊》 43卷1期 (2010/03) Pp. 25-38

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.201003.0003

摘要

本試驗以土肉桂4個化學品系：里龍山1號（LL，伽羅木醇型）、曾文水庫1號（T1，樟腦型）、埔里竹子籟1號（P1，混合型）及佳保台22號（G22，桂皮醛－桂皮乙酸酯型）為材料，取4品系之6個月大試管種子苗與2個15年生成熟營養分株（P1與T1）之頂芽、節莖作為培殖體，建立微體繁殖技術。結果顯示：苗木的成熟度與營養系都會影響多芽體增殖率與莖芽發根率。最適合土肉桂營養系之多芽體誘導培養基為MS添加0.1~0.5mg/L TDZ。來自幼苗之LL與T1的頂芽與節莖培養均可產生15個以上之叢生芽體，G22與P1則最多產生7.8與3.8個。成熟樹的芽體增殖率不如幼苗芽體，P1與T1之培殖體最多產生3.4與3.6個多芽體。多芽體需培養於低濃度0.1mg/L之BA以促進芽體抽長，將抽長莖芽切下培養於MS添加1g/L活性炭之發根培養基，來自幼苗的LL與T1之莖芽可100%發根，而G22與P1的發根率為91.7%；成木的P1與T1莖芽發根率雖然比幼苗低，但也可達80-95%。
土肉桂成木培殖體在消毒培養過程很容易褐化，培養前以100mg/LAA浸泡1hr，再放到含有相同濃度之AA培養基上培養，可減少芽體褐化，使消毒後的頂芽與節莖芽體存活率提高到25%與40%。

關鍵字

土肉桂 ； 微體繁殖 ； 幼苗 ； 成木 ； 頂芽培養 ； 節莖培養

並列摘要

Micropropagation techniques were established via juvenile and mature cultures of shoot tip and nodal explants derived from 4 Cinnamomum osmophloeum chemotypes, viz. linalool type (LL clone), camphor type (T1 clone), mixed type (P3 clone), and cinnamaldehyde/cinnamyl acetate type (G22 clone). Juvenile cultures were derived from 6 month-old seedlings of 4 clones, while mature cultures from 15 year-old ramets of P1 and T1 clones. Both multiplication rates of multishoots and rooting ability of elongated shoots were depended on the maturity of plants and clones. MS medium with 0.1~0.5 mg/L TDZ was suitable for all cultures to induce multishoots. In juvenile cultures derived from two kinds of explants, both LL and T1 clones gave more than 15 short shoot clumps/explant, whereas G22 and P1 did 7.8 and 3.8 shoots/explant, respectively. Shoot induction in mature cultures was less than in juvenile ones. Mature cultures of P1 and T1 gave 3.4 and 3.6 shoots/explant at most, respectively. Multishoots elongated when transferred into medium at low level of BA (0.1 mg/L). Shoots rooted well on medium supplemented with 1 g/L activated charcoal. All shoots from juvenile cultures rooted for LL and T1 clones, 91.7% of cultures rooted for G22 and P1 clones, and 80-95% of mature cultures rooted for P1 and T1. Browning of mature explants was readily occurred after surface disinfection. It could be decreased when excised explants soaked in 100 mg/L ascorbic acid for 1 hour immediately, and then culturing on medium with the same concentration of ascorbic acid. This treatment increased survival rates up to 25 and 40% for shoots and nodal cultures, respectively.

並列關鍵字

Cinnamomum osmophloeum ； Mature tree ； Micropropagation ； Nodal cultures seedlings ； Shoot tip cultures