栽植密度對樟樹苗木生長及生理反應之影響

Effects of Different Densities on the Growth and Physiological Responses of Cinnamomum Camphora Seedlings

鍾欣芸(Hsin-Yun Chung) ； 劉瓊霦(Chiung-Pin Liu)

《中華林學季刊》 43卷4期 (2010/12) Pp. 543-555

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.201012.0003

摘要

本試驗目的在於瞭解生長於不同栽植間距下之苗木，會如何改變其生理現象，以適應不同的生存空間。試驗材料為樟樹(Cinnamomum camphora)苗木，栽植間距分別是單株苗木與其鄰近苗木距離5.0、7.5及10.0cm；試驗期共3個月，每月量測苗高、地徑；試驗結束後取樣量測其總葉面積、生物量累積、養分濃度及碳水化合物濃度。外觀形態上，平均苗高淨生長量是以栽植間距為7.5cm之17.29cm較高；平均地徑淨生長方面則是栽植間距為7.5cm及10.0cm顯著高於5.0cm者；葉片數淨增加量是以栽植間距為10.0cm之32片顯著高於其他處理。在生物量方面，以栽植間距為10.0cm之每株平均總生物量5.54g DW (dry weight, DW)顯著高於5.0cm者之3.95g DW，而栽植間距7.5cm之每株平均總生物量為5.22g DW，則與10.0cm者無顯著差異。葉部的養分濃度，除了鈣以外，氮、磷、鉀、鎂會隨栽植間距增加而下降，一般以栽植間距為5.0cm者會顯著高於10.0cm者，而7.5cm者在鉀、鎂濃度方面和5.0cm者無顯著差異，氮、磷則與10.0cm無顯著差異。苗木碳水化合物濃度方面，栽植間距由低至高分別為133.05、151.36及154.90mg g^(-1) DW，且以間距為10.0cm者顯著高於5.0cm者。整體而言，栽植間距為7.5和10cm於苗高、地徑、生物量及碳水化合物濃度皆未有顯著之差異，如此結果可推測對樟樹苗木而言，7.5cm之栽植間距已足夠提供6個月大樟樹苗木生長3個月所需之空間。

關鍵字

栽植密度 ； 樟樹 ； 生長反應 ； 生理反應 ； 競爭

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to understand how the seedlings change their physiology to adapt the competition on spaces. The material was Cinnamomum camphora seedlings. We planted 6 months' seedlings in three kinds of distances (5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 cm between two seedlings) for three months. During this period, we measured the seedling height, basal diameter every month. At the end of this experiment, we measured the leaf areas, biomass, nutrient and carbohydrate concentration. In the morphylogy, average seedling net height increment of the planting distance between two seedlings in 7.5 cm was the highest (i.e. 17.29 cm). The basel diameter increment of the planting distance between two seedlings in 7.5 and 10.0 cm were significantly higher than 5.0 cm. The net leaf number increment of the planting distance between two seedlings in 10.0 cm was significantly higher than the others. In tern of biomass, the total biomass of the seedlings under the planting distance in 10.0 cm was 5.54 g seedling g^(-1). That was significantly higher than 5.0 cm (i.e. 3.95 g seedling g^(-1)), and there was no difference with 7.5 cm (i.e. 5.22 g seedling g^(-1)). The concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and magnesium decreased in the leaf coincided with planting distance increased, but this pattern was not suitable for calcium. The concentration of nutrient in the leaf under the planting distance with 5.0 cm is significantly higher than 10.0 cm. The concentrations of nutrient in the leaf under 7.5 cm was the same with 5.0 cm in potassium and magnesium, and no significant difference under 10.0 cm in nitrogen and phosphorous. The carbohydrate concentrations increased with planting distance increased, from 5.0 cm to 10.0 cm was 133.05, 151.36 and 154.90 mg g^(-1), respectively. Overall, there were no significance in seedling height, basal diameter, biomass and carbohydrate concentrate under planting distance in 7.5 and 10.0 cm. According to this result, we could concluded that the space under 7.5 cm distance was enough for the 6 months' Cinnamomum camphora seedlings to grow for 3 months.

並列關鍵字

Plant density ； Cinnamomum camphora ； Growth responses ； Physiological responses ； Compotition