以遙測與生態調查資料探討森林地景與生態變遷

Study on the Change of Landscape and Ecology Using Remotely Sensed and Ecological Investigation Data

衛強(Chiang Wei) ； 李金玲(Chin-Ling Lee) ； 田佩玲(Pei-Ling Tian) ； 廖煥彰(Huan-Chang Liao) ； 黃憶汝(Yi-Ru Huang) ； 曾郁珊(Yu-San Tseng) ； 賴靖融(Jing-Rong Lai) ； 沈介文(Chieh-Wen Shen)

《中華林學季刊》 44卷3期 (2011/09) Pp. 445-466

https://doi.org/10.30064/QJCF.201109.0011

摘要

本研究利用植生、鳥類及昆蟲相之生態調查資料及遙測衛星影像所推得之地景指標，建立森林地景與生態變遷之相關性。研究地區選定南投縣臺大實驗林管理處之溪頭營林區為試驗樣區，研究中利用2004至2008年五幅福衛二號衛星影像及2006至2008三年中五個地面樣區之生態調查資料進行分析，初步研究結果顯示利用遙測資料與地面調查資料以監測與評估森林地景與生態變遷之關係是可行的，在天然干擾後植生之恢復率（Vegetation Remnant Rate）與常態化差異植生指標（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index, NDVI）值之變化趨勢吻合；植生種類數及鳥類相對豐富度與地景嵌塊體面積亦呈現高相關性，但與NDVI及VRR呈現負相關性；昆蟲相則因食物來源之地表植生覆蓋增多而種類數有增加之趨勢。研究分析結果顯示溪頭地區近年於天然災害擾動後，崩塌地面積減少而植生覆蓋度提高，受擾動地區之環境已趨於穩定，而生態資源物種之多樣性有降低之趨勢。

關鍵字

地景 ； 生態 ； 地景指標 ； 衛星影像 ； 地理資訊系統

並列摘要

In this study, a pioneering research is accomplished by using Landscape Indices (LI) derived from Satellite Imagery and ecological investigation including vegetation, bird and insects community to model the possible pattern of change between landscape and ecology. Located at the mountainous area in central Taiwan, ranging from 800 to 1,800 meter and comprising 2,349 hectares in size, Sitou Tract of the National Taiwan University Experimental Forest is selected as the study site. Five FORMOSAT II images between 2004 and 2008 are used to compute LI and analyzed with ecological investigation collected from five ground sample sites. The preliminary result shows that it is feasible to monitor and assess the relationship between change of landscape and ecology in forests using remotely sensed data and ground investigation. It indicates that the recovery and restoration of vegetation (Vegetation Remnant Rate, VRR) after natural disturbances is highly correlated with the variation of Normalized Differential Vegetation Index (NDVI), number of vegetation family and bird relative abundance is highly correlated with the average area of patches for landslide class while negatively correlated with NDVI and VRR; The number of insect family increases with the abundant food resources of vegetation cover. The results reveal that after the natural disturbance the landslide area is decreasing with the growing vegetation cover. The habitat at Sitou area is gradually stable while the diversity of ecology is decreasing.

並列關鍵字

Landscape ； Ecology ； Landscape Indices (LI) ； Satellite imagery ； Geographic Information System (GIS)