森林環境對生心理狀態效益之研究

PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FOREST ENVIRONMENT

余家斌(Chia-Pin Yu) ； 趙彥琛(Yen-Chen Chao) ； 陳薇如(Wei-Ju Chen)

《中華林學季刊》 48卷4期 (2015/12) Pp. 363-375

摘要

本研究之目的為探討森林環境與都市環境，對於受試者生心理影響是否有顯著差異，進而探討森林環境之功效。本研究選定都市環境(臺灣大學)與森林環境(鳳凰自然教育園區與和社自然教育園區)分別作為比較試驗場域，探討在不同的環境下，受試者生理反應與心理反應的差異，進一步驗證森林環境對於個體生心理狀態的影響。生理指標採用心跳變異率(Heart Rate Variability, HRV)，代表交感與副交感神經功能，心理指標則採用大學生生活壓力量表與POMS盤斯心情量表。研究對象挑選自願之生理試驗受試者學生16名，問卷發放對象則為臺灣大學之學生，問卷回收後有效樣本60份。研究結果顯示16名受試者在不同環境下心跳變異率變化(包含LF值、HF值、以及LF/HF比值)無顯著差異，代表受試者的交感神經與副交感神經功能於都市與森林環境中並無差別。心理試驗部分結果顯示不同環境下受試者於大學生日常生活壓力評價中之學校課業、人際關係以及感情/異性交往層面有顯著差異，家庭層面與人生目標層面則無顯著差異。情緒狀態量表(Profile of Moon State, POMS)部分則顯示不同環境下受試者於困惑、疲勞、憤怒、緊張、沮喪、活力等六個層面有顯著差異，於自尊層面則無顯著差異。

關鍵字

森林環境 ； 生心理效益 ； 森林療癒 ； 心跳變異率 ； 盤斯心情量表

並列摘要

This study aimed to investigate the health effects by exploring the differences between forest and urban environments from physiological and psychological perspectives. Study sites were located on main campus of National Taiwan University (urban environment), and Fong Huang Natural Education Area and Heshe Natural Education Area (forest environment). Heart rate variability (HRV) was selected for physiological indicator to explore the function of both sympathetic nervous system and parasympathetic system. For psychological indicators, life stress scale of college students, and profile of mood state (POMS). Researchers estimated physiological and psychological effects with the indicators above at urban setting and forest environments. A total of 16 students were recruited for physiological experiment. Additionally, there were 60 subjects in psychological experiment that administrated with questionnaire survey. The results showed that autonomic nervous activities (identified by LF, HF and LF/HF) of these 16 respondents found no significant difference between urban and forest environments. However, respondents reported three facets of life stress, school works, interpersonal relationships, and love life, weresignificantly different. Six facets of POMS were significantly different, they are confusion, fatigue, anger, tension, depression, and vigor.

並列關鍵字

Forest Environment ； Physiological and psychological benefits ； Forest therapy ； Heart rate variability (HRV) ； Profile of mood state (POMS)