臺灣花東海岸地區木賊葉木麻黃種子直播造林方法之研究

臺灣東部海岸防風林常年受到颱風及暴潮侵襲，造成林分劣化形成孔隙，這些孔隙地需要造林，以維海岸林之整體功能。本研究使用凹地種子直播配合保護管和保護罩之育苗系統，進行木賊葉木麻黃直播造林試驗，以評估花東海岸地區不同地被覆蓋度之直播造林成效。結果顯示臺東太麻里及花蓮新城海岸地區，地被覆蓋率＜ 10%的幼苗建立率分別為95及91%，地被覆蓋率30～50%之幼苗建立率，花蓮試驗地82%高於臺東試驗地35%；臺東及花蓮試驗地之18個月苗木，其地徑約1.5～2.0 cm、苗高120～160 cm及苗冠幅70～100 cm。另外，保護罩具有類似微型溫室之效，能提供幼苗較多的土壤水分及溼度，降低乾旱及高溫的危害。總結，木賊葉木麻黃凹地種子直播育苗系統，配合保護管或保護罩使用，成功地被應用到臺灣花東海岸線，此方法亦有可能使用於臺灣其他沿海地區，尤其是易受暴潮危害之處。

關鍵字

木賊葉木麻黃；種子直播；保護罩；保護管；暴潮；防風林

並列摘要

The east coast of Taiwan is often hit by typhoons and storm surges, which caused stands degradation and gaps. These gaps need to be reforested for maintaining the overall protective functions of the coastal areas. This study used the Casuarina equisetifolia seeds direct sowing in holes of land, and then these seeds were covered by shelter tubes or shelter cups for germination and seedling establishment, and then estimated the effect of direct seeding on different vegetation coverage in the coastal areas of Taitung and Hualien counties. Results showed that seedling establishment percentages were 95 and 91%, respectively in the study sites of Taitung and Hualien with the vegetation coverage percentage ＜ 10%. However, the seedling establishment percentage was 82% in Hualien site with the 30~50% vegetation coverage, which was higher than 35% in Taitung site with the same vegetation coverage. Seedlings of 18 months old in Taitung and Hualien sites, have the basal stem diameter 1.5~ 2.0 cm, seedling height was 120~160 cm, and canopy diameter was 70~100 cm. The shelter cup has a similar miniature greenhouse that can provide more soil water and humidity for seedlings. In conclusion, direct seeding silviculture system covered with shelter tubes or shelter cups was successfully applied to east coast areas of Taiwan. This method is also possible for using at other coastal areas, especially these places have storm surge hazard.

並列關鍵字

Casuarina equisetifolia ； direct seeding ； shelter cup ； shelter tube ； storm surge ； windbreak forest

國際替代計量

臺灣花東海岸地區木賊葉木麻黃種子直播造林方法之研究

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