塑化劑對生物可分解塑膠原料粒在熱特性與表面結構之影響

Effects of Plasticizers on the Thermal Properties and Surface Structure of Biodegradable Plastic Pellets

李仰修(Yang-Siou Li) ； 彭錦樵(Jinchyau Peng) ； 洪福良(Fu-Liang Hong)

《台灣農學會報》 12卷5期 (2011/10) Pp. 457-471

https://doi.org/10.6730/JAAT.201110_12(5).0004

摘要

本研究利用反應曲面法之實驗設計（中心組合因子設計），探討不同添加比例之塑化劑【甘油（Glycerol）、甲基乙烯丙烯酸（EAA）】，配合擠壓加工技術開發生物可分解塑膠原料粒，並對此塑膠粒之樣本進行熱特性與樣本表面結構之分析並建立其迴歸模式。擠壓機操作條件固定於套筒三段溫度分別控制為100℃、100℃、105℃，模具溫度設定為105℃，螺軸轉速為25 rpm，進料速率為20 g／min。本研究結果顯示：實驗樣本的熔點Tm值約在203.10℃～ 213.40℃，而實驗樣本之裂解溫度Td約在311.73℃～ 328.38℃。本樣本添加EAA與甘油均會影響本實驗樣本之熔點，在甘油添加量變動時，EAA亦提供樣本熔點之熱穩定性。利用熱重分析儀器（TGA）測定樣本受熱裂解情形下，可發現在甘油添加量變動下，EAA能提供本實驗樣本的熱穩定性。適當比例的塑化劑下，配合PVA良好的造膜性及接著力，發現本實驗樣本混煉效果有明顯較佳的表面結構。

關鍵字

塑化劑 ； 塑膠原料粒 ； 熱特性

並列摘要

Response surface methodology was used to analyze the effect of glycerol (X(subscript 1)) and ethylene - acrylic acid (EAA) level (X(subscript 2)) on the objective (melting point (Tm), thermal degradation temperature (Td) attributes of a poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVOH)/starch-blended plastic resin. A [rotable/rotatable?] central composite design was used to develop models for the objective responses. The experiments were run with different barrel temperatures, such as zone 1: 100℃ , zone 2: 100℃ , zone 3: 105℃ , and zone 4: 105℃ , respectively, with a feed rate of 20 g/min and screw speed of 25 rpm. The results indicated the melting point (Tm) of extruded pellets ranged from 203.10℃~213.40℃ and the thermal degradation temperature (Td) ranged from 311.73℃~ 328.38℃ . The melting point of the extruded pellets was affected by the EAA as well as the glycerol. Moreover, the results of the TGA analysis indicated the change in glycerol levels affected the thermal stability as well as the change in EAA levels. Therefore, it could be concluded the plastic pellets developed in this study had a good surface structure under suitable plasticizer levels, together with the good membrane and adhesive properties of PVA.

並列關鍵字

plastic pellets ； plasticizer ； thermal properties