塑化劑與電漿處理對生物可分解聚乙烯醇/澱粉摻合物物性影響之研究

Effects of Plasticizers and Plasma Treatment on the Properties of Biodegradable Poly (vinyl alcohol)/Starch Blends

郭儒謙(Ju-Chien Kuo)

指導教授 ： 黃繼遠

大同大學/工程學院/材料工程學系所/碩士(2005年)

摘要

本研究主要以聚乙烯醇與澱粉為製備生物分解性塑膠之主要原料。利用以單螺桿擠押機加工，探討配合不同塑化劑與電漿處理對樣品的機械性質（最大應力、最大應變）與物理特性（流動性指數、吸水率）和堆肥化生物分解性之影響。並利用掃瞄式電子顯微鏡（SEM）觀察樣品表面結構與物性之間的關連。
從實驗中發現，分別以水、檸檬酸和己二酸來作為澱粉之塑化劑，以Starch(*am-50%,citric acid)/*bPPVA 的流動指數為最大1.56(g/10min),而Starch(m-70%,citric acid)/PPVA,其應變可以達60％左右。而Starch(m-50%, adipic acid)/PPVA，其應力更可以達16MPa左右。從SEM圖，顯示PVA與澱粉混合程度充分改善,以致於樣品的機械強度與物理性質得以改善。分解測試方法是以土壤掩埋法。測試試片壓製成2×2×0.06 cm3 大小掩埋於堆肥土。在土壤掩埋四週後，starch(*cun-m)/PVA之重量損失率大約為48 wt%，而starch(m-70%,citric acid)/PVA系列經過土壤掩埋重量損失率大約為 22 wt%。(*am-50%, citric acid: 50% of starch for modification by citric acid; *bPPVA:PVA by plasma treatment; *cun-m: without modification)

關鍵字

澱粉 ； 聚乙烯醇 ； 塑化 ； 電漿處理

並列摘要

In this study, Poly (vinyl alcohol)(PVA) and starch were used as mainly raw materials for products of biodegradable plastics. We used the single screw extruder to compound. Effects of plasticizers and plasma treatment on the mechanical properties(maximum stress, strain), physical properties (Melt Flow Index, Contact angle) and the biodegrability by composting of composites were investigated. Besides, the correlation between the surface structure of sample and material properties was observed by the scanning electronic microscope(SEM)
Water, citric acid and adipic acid were used as plasticizer for starch in starch/PVA blends. The starch(*am-50%,citric acid)/*bPPVA possessed good melt flow index(MFI) and achieved 1.56g/10min. The maximum strain of starch(m-70%,citric acid)/PPVA was about 60%. The maximum stress of starch(m-50%,adipic acid)/PPVA was about 16MPa. From the SEM micrographs, it was found that the degree of mixing between PVA and starch was obviously improved, and lead to improve the mechanical and physical properties of blends. The method of biodegradation measurement in this study was soil burial. The investigated samples were cut in (2×2×0.06 cm3) and then buried in the compost soil. After four weeks soil burial, starch(*cun-m)/PVA blends reached the weight loss of about 48 wt%; the weight loss of starch(m-70%, citric acid)/PPVA blend was about 22 wt%.(*am-50%,citric acid: 50% of starch for modification by citric acid; *bPPVA:PVA by plasma treatment; *cun-m: starch with no modification)

並列關鍵字

Modification ； Plasma Treatment ； PVA ； Starch

參考文獻

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