添加三種塑化劑於混煉玉米澱粉塑膠粒中對其熱特性及生物分解性之影響

The Effects of Adding Three Plasticizers in Cornstarch Plastic Pellets on their Thermal Properties and Biodegradability

李柏廷(Po-Ting Lee) ； 吳佳洋(Chia-Yang Wu) ； 彭錦樵(Jin-Chyau Peng)

《台灣農學會報》 14卷1期 (2013/02) Pp. 1-16

https://doi.org/10.6730/JAAT.201302_14(1).0001

摘要

本研究探討添加三種塑化劑以擠壓加工技術配合反應曲面法之實驗設計開發生物可分解塑膠原料粒，並對生產出的塑膠粒進行熱特性與生物分解性之測試，並建立其迴歸模式。擠壓機操作條件之設定為螺軸轉速40rpm、套筒三段溫度分別控制為170℃、170℃與175℃，模具溫度設為175℃及進料速率20 g/min。研究原料配方（總重1Kg）對熱特性做分析及評估，由結果可知，樣品熔點Tm 值大約在154.2 ～ 160.1℃之間，而樣品熱裂解溫度Td值大約在248.2 ～ 276.6℃之間。此外，本研究依照CNS 14432之規定進行生物分解度測定，發現樣本於第35天生物分解度已達70.6%，而第45天時達79.5%，均已超過我國國家標準CNS 14432規定之70%，故判定本研究所研發之生物可分解塑膠原料之最適化產品具生物可分解性。本研究結果應可做為進一步研究及商品化之參考，並期能協助解決日益嚴重的環境問題。

關鍵字

熱特性 ； 生物分解性 ； 塑化劑

並列摘要

In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to analyze the effect ofglycerol, triethyl citrate (TEC) and dioctyl sebacate (DOS) on the thermal properties ofbiodegradable pellets as well as the biodegradability attributes of a polyhydroxybutyrate-covalerate (PHBV) /corn starch-blended plastic resin. The experiments (total weight of 1 kg) were run at barrel temperatures of 170℃ , 170℃ , 175℃ , and a die temperature of 175℃ , respectively, with a screw speed of 40 rpm and a feed rate of 20 g/min. The result indicated that the melting points (Tm) of extruded pellets ranged from 154.20℃~160.10℃ and the thermal degradation temperatures (Td) ranged from 248.16℃~276.59℃ . The biodegradability of the extruded pellets was tested according to the CNS14432 standard. The result indicated that the biodegradability of the extruded pellets reached 70.6% after 35 days and 79.50% after 45 days, respectively. Therefore, it could be concluded that the plastic pellets developed in this study consist of biodegradable properties, which can help to solve environmental problems. These pellets are suitable for industrial application.

並列關鍵字

thermal properties ； biodegradable ； plasticizer