農業補貼對大專業農多角化經營影響之研究

The Impacts of Agricultural Subsidies on Big Full-time Farmers' Diversified Operations

林佩慧(Pei-Hui Lin) ； 黃炳文(Biing-Wen Huang)

《台灣農學會報》 19卷2期 (2018/06) Pp. 74-90

https://doi.org/10.6730/JAAT.201806_19(2).0001

摘要

農政單位為擴大經營規模，調整農業結構及紓解老農、小農及農業競爭力不足等問題，自2009年推動「小地主大佃農」政策，以扶植大專業農。並配合調整耕作制度及活化農地計畫，提供農民轉（契）作及休耕補貼，鼓勵種植進口替代及具外銷潛力作物，冀改變產業結構，此將影響大專業農多角化經營的程度。然過往相關研究較少探討農業補貼對多角化的影響，有鑑於此，本研究以2015年大專業農經營概況調查樣本資料，探討農業補貼對大專業農多角化的影響。實證結果顯示，大專業農多角化程度為29.9%。北、中及南區均較東區多角化程度較高。稻作、特作、果品及加工農家多角化程度較農事作業農家低。農產品加工及農事作業、農用設施、轉（契）作及休耕補貼對多角化為正向顯著的影響。此研究結果可作為農政單位調整大專業農政策之參據。

關鍵字

大專業農 ； 農業補貼 ； 多角化

並列摘要

In the light of expanding the scale of agricultural operations as well as addressing structural issues like rural population aging, overly fragmented cultivation, and lack of competitiveness, Taiwan's agricultural administrator implemented the ＂Small Landlord and Big Tennant＂ program in 2009 to incubate big full-time farmers. In conjunction with cultivation adjustment, farmland revitalization, farming transition (contractual farming) and set-aside subsidies, and encouraging planting of import substitute crops and crops with strong export potentials, this program aims at bringing about a structural change to the industry. This might affect the degree of diversification of big full-time farmers. However, the effects of agricultural subsidies on diversified operation have rarely been touched on by studies in this field. In consideration of that, this study will analyze the 2015 survey data of Big Full-time Farmers' operations to explore how agricultural subsidies can affect these diversified operation of these farmers. According to the data, the average diversification rate of full-time farmers guided by the policy was 29.9 percent. Among them, those in the north, central, and south regions had a greater degree of diversification than those in the east region. Farmers who cultivated paddies, special crops, and fruits and those who engaged in processing diversified less in their operation than those providing agricultural services. Engaging in agricultural processing, agricultural services, and agricultural machinery businesses and receiving transition and set-aside subsidies had significant positive effects on diversification. These findings may serve as a basis for agricultural administrators to make an adjustment to the Big Full-time Farmer policy.

並列關鍵字

Big Full-time Farmers ； agricultural subsidy ； diversification

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