科索沃獨立運動之困境

The Dilemma of Kosovar Independence Movement

劉文彬(Wen-Bin Liu)

《問題與研究》 45卷5期 (2006/09) Pp. 91-110

https://doi.org/10.30390/ISC.200609_45(5).0004

摘要

從自然法的角度看，科索沃阿裔應有自決獨立之權利，但相對於1990年代初斯洛文尼亞、克羅埃西亞、波士尼亞－赫塞哥維那、馬其頓相繼脫離南斯拉夫聯邦而獨立，獨立願望最強、奮鬥時間最長、與塞爾維亞種族和文化差異最大的科索沃至今仍無法如願獨立。本文認為阿裔的自決權乃因受制於科索沃歷史地位的爭議、法律地位的束縛、阿裔實力不足以及國際社會不支持等四項障礙而無法實現。在國際社會的態度方面，本文指出「維持區域權力平衡」並非國際社會重要成員不願支持科索沃獨立的主要原因，「區域和平與穩定」才是她們最重要的考量。

關鍵字

科索沃 ； 民族自決 ； 塞爾維亞 ； 新干涉主義

並列摘要

From the viewpoint of the natural law, the Kosovar Albanians should have the right of self-determination. But Kosovo, a region with the strongest will for independence, the longest time of struggle, and the greatest differences with Serbia in both race and culture, still cannot achieve its independence until now when compared with Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Macedonia, which were separated from the Yugoslav Federation and all became independent successively at the early 1990's.
This article argues that the Kosovar Albanians were deprived of the right of self-determination by four obstacles: the historical status, the legal status of Kosovar, the insufficiency of the Kosovar Albanians' power, and the lack of support of the international community. With regard to the attitude of the international community, the author contends that, instead of ”the maintenance of regional balance of power,” ”the maintenance of regional peace and stability” is the principal reason of western countries not supporting the independence of Kosovo.

並列關鍵字

Kosovo ； national self-determination ； Serbia ； neo-interventionism

參考文獻

Benedici De Spinoza、溫錫增譯(1997)。神學政治論。北京市:商務印書館。

Crnobrnja、Mihailo、許綬南(1999)。南斯拉夫列大戲。台北:麥田出版公司。

李明峻()。

沈玄池(1999)。歐盟共同外交暨安全政策之功效與極限：歐盟之南斯拉夫政策個案研究。歐洲聯盟：理論與政策。376。

洪茂雄(1999)。後共產主義時期南斯拉夫聯盟共和國的政經情勢。中山人文社會科學期是刊。7(1)，70-71。